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Dünya firmaları sıraya girdi Bilim, Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanı Fikri Işık, 2020'den önce yerli otomobilin seri üretimine geçmeyi düşündüklerini bildirerek, dünyada birçok firmanın 'Türkiye'de yerli otomobilin üretimiyle ilgili bazı rolleri biz üstlenebilir miyiz?' diye talepte bulunduklarını ifade etti. takvim.com.tr Giriş Tarihi : 10 Mart 2016 , 00:00 Güncelleme Tarihi : 10 Mart 2016 , 19:43
Bakan Işık, Taşıt Araçları Yan Sanayicileri Derneği (TAYSAD) 38. Olağan Genel Kurulu'nda yaptığı konuşmada, kurulduğu 1978 yılından bu yana TAYSAD gibi dernekler ve iş adamlarının birlikte hareket etmelerinin sektörün gelişimi açısından önemli bir rol üstlendiğini söyledi. İlk kurulduğunda bir odadan ve 13 üyeden oluşan TAYSAD'ın, bugün kendi organize sanayi bölgesi olan ve 343 üyesi bulunan bir derneğe dönüştüğüne değinen Işık, "TAYSAD üyesi firmalar, bugün otomotiv yan sanayindeki üretimin yüzde 65'ini, ihracatın ise yüzde 70'ini gerçekleştiriyor. Sanırım sadece TAYSAD'ın ve üyelerinin yaşadığı bu değişim bile hem otomotiv sektörünün hem de ülkemizin nerelerden nerelere geldiğini göstermek için tek başına yeterlidir" ifadelerini kullandı. Işık, otomotiv sektörünün, ana ve yan sanayi ayrımı yapmaksızın, Türkiye'nin en önemli ve sürükleyici sektörlerinin başında geldiğini belirterek, şöyle devam etti: "2015 yılında, yan sanayiyle birlikte sektörün gerçekleştirdiği 17,5 milyar dolarlık ihracat rakamı, toplam ihracatımız içindeki en büyük kalemdir. Yine 2014 yılında, ülkemizdeki toplam cironun yüzde 8,2'sini oluşturan otomotiv sektörü, istihdamın da yüzde 5,5'ini karşılamıştır. Sevinerek söylüyorum ki Türkiye, bu kritik sektörde, dünyanın en önemli üretim merkezlerinden biri haline geldi. Dünya araç üretiminde 16'ncı sırada, AB'de ise 6'ncı sırada yer alıyoruz. AB'de otobüs ve hafif ticari araç üretiminde birinci, kamyon üretiminde ise ikinci sıradayız. 2015 yılı, otomotiv sektörü için rekorlarla dolu yeni bir yıl olarak tarihe geçti. 2002 yılında 175 bin adet olan iç pazar, geçtiğimiz yıl 1 milyonu geçerek yeni bir rekor kırdı. Yine 2002'de 258 bin olan ihracat, geçtiğimiz yıl 992 bin adet olarak gerçekleşti." Türkiye'nin ekonomik istikrarının, yatırım ortamındaki iyileşmelerle iç ve dış pazardaki bu gelişmeler sayesinde, geçtiğimiz yıl üretimde de rekor kırıldığını vurgulayan Işık, 2002 yılında toplam üretimin 350 bin adetle sınırlı kaldığını, geçtiğimiz yıl ise 1 milyon 410 bin adet araç üretildiğini bildirdi. Işık, şubat ayında, otomotiv sektöründe ana sanayinin ihracatının yüzde 17, yan sanayinin ihracatının da yüzde 11 artış göstermesinin kendilerini çok sevindirdiğini dile getirerek, sözlerini şöyle sürdürdü: "Yeni yatırımlarla üretim kapasitemizin artıyor olmasından da büyük bir memnuniyet duyuyoruz. 10 Şubat'ta, Mercedes'in Aksaray'daki üretim kapasitesini ikiye katlayan yeni yatırımının temelini attık. Bir gün sonra, Toyota, Sakarya'daki fabrikasının üretim kapasitesini yüzde 90 oranında artıracağını açıkladı. Bunlar çok güzel gelişmeler ve eminim ki bu tür güzel gelişmelerin devamı gelecektir. Türkiye'deki üreticiler, yatırımlarını artırma konusunda bu tür kararlar almayı sürdüreceklerdir ancak bunun da ötesinde, önümüzdeki dönemde, Türkiye'de yatırımı olmayan firmaların da ülkemizi tercih edeceklerine inanıyorum." "TÜRKİYE, DÜNYADAKİ ÖNEMLİ OTOMOTİV ÜRETİM MERKEZLERİNDEN BİRİ" Türkiye'nin dünyada önemli otomotiv üretim merkezlerinden biri olmasını sağlayan baş unsurun tedarik sanayisinin gelişmişliği olduğunu ifade eden Işık, "Türk otomotiv tedarik sanayi firmalarının geniş ürün gamı, ülkemizde imal edilen taşıt araçlarının yüzde 85-90 oranında yerli imal edilmesine imkan verecek çeşitliliktedir. Ülkemizde Otomotiv Tedarik Sanayinde faaliyet gösteren 3 bin 130 firma, 115 bin kişiye istihdam sağlıyor. Bir başka deyişle otomotiv sektöründeki çalışanların yüzde 72,6'sı yan sanayi firmalarında istihdam ediliyor. Girişimci Bilgi Sistemi (GBS) verilerine göre, bu firmaların yüzde 53'ü Marmara Bölgesi, yüzde 25'i İç Anadolu, yüzde11'i Ege Bölgesi'nde ve yüzde 5'i Akdeniz Bölgesi'nde yer alıyor" diye konuştu. Bakan Işık, 2015 yılında, otomotiv yan sanayinin 6,25 milyar dolar ihracat yaptığını, ihracatta gösterilen bu başarıda, geleneksel pazar olan AB ülkelerinin yanı sıra yeni pazarlara açılım yapılmasının da çok belirleyici olduğunu vurgulayarak, tedarik sanayi firmalarının, ülkede yaptıkları yatırımların yanı sıra yurt dışında da önemli yatırımlara imza attıklarını söyledi. TAYSAD'ın Almanya'da ofisinin olması ve yine TAYSAD'ın Çin ve ABD'de yaptığı ikili ortaklık anlaşmalarının da küresel ekonomik ilişkiler açısından önemine değinen Işık, şunları kaydetti: "Otomotiv sektöründe hem ana sanayinin hem de yan sanayinin Ar-Ge'ye verdiği önem bizi çok mutlu ediyor. Şu anda ülkemizde 245 Ar-Ge merkezi bulunuyor. Bunların 56'sı yan sanayi ve 15'i de ana sanayi olmak üzere 71 tanesi otomotiv sektöründe faaliyet gösteriyor. Ar-Ge Reform Paketimizle birlikte hem mevcut Ar-Ge merkezlerinin daha fazla proje üreteceğine hem de çok sayıda yeni Ar-Ge merkezi kurulacağına inanıyorum." TAYSAD üyelerinin patent tescili konusunda aldıkları mesafeye de dikkati çeken Bakan Işık, "2012'de TAYSAD üyesi sadece 11 firma 24 patent tescili almışken, 2015 yılında bu rakam 33 firma ve 79 patent tesciline ulaştı. Yani TAYSAD üyeleri, patent üretimi konusunda 3 kat büyüme gerçekleştirdi. Bu vesileyle yeni Patent Kanun Tasarımızın hazırlıklarını tamamladığımızı da sizlerle paylaşmak istiyorum. Bu yılın ilk yarısında yasalaşmasını beklediğimiz bu tasarı, patent, marka ve tasarımların başvuru, tescil ve koruma süreçleriyle ilgili çok değerli yenilikler getirecek" dedi. Işık, konuşmasında ihracat rakamlarına da değinerek, "TAYSAD üyelerinin yaptığı ihracatın ortalama kilogram değeri 5,5 dolar civarındadır. Türkiye'nin tüm sektörlerinin ortalamasının 1,5 dolar olduğunu düşünürsek, otomotiv yan sanayicilerimizin ne kadar kaliteli üretim yaptıkları daha iyi anlaşılacaktır" diye konuştu. OTOMOTİV SEKTÖRÜNDEKİ ÇALIŞMALAR Otomotiv Strateji Belgesinin hazırlıklarını tamamladıklarını dile getiren Işık, şunları söyledi: "Yeni belgemizde temel hedefimiz yerli marka otomobillerimizi üretmek ve katma değeri yüksek ürünler ile dünya otomotiv pazarında daha fazla söz sahibi olmaktır. Bu belgeyi kurgularken, bugünden daha fazla yarına, sektörün geleceğine ve o geleceğe en iyi şekilde hazırlanmaya odaklandık. Özellikle yazılım teknolojileri, nesnelerin interneti, sensör teknolojileri ve yapay zeka çalışmaları, otomotiv sektörünün geleceğinde çok belirleyici olacak. Deyim yerindeyse artık ulaşım ihtiyacımızı araçlarla değil de araç görünümlü bilgisayarlarla karşılayacağız. Sektörle ilgili olarak yapılmış pek çok araştırma, önümüzdeki yıllarda alternatif yakıtlarla elektrikli ve hibrit araçlarla ilgili ciddi gelişmeler yaşanacağını gösteriyor. 2014 yılında satılan araçlar içinde elektrikli araçların payı binde 3 civarındaydı ancak özellikle gelişmiş ekonomilerde elektrikli araç piyasasının çok hızlı büyüyeceği, 2020'li yıllarda Avrupa'da satılan her beş araçtan birinin elektrikli olacağı tahmin ediliyor. Otomotiv sektöründe, hem ana sanayide hem de yan sanayide, yoğun rekabet nedeniyle birleşmeler artarak devam edecek ve üretici şirket sayısı azalacak. Mevcut teknolojilerdeki başarılar bizi yanıltmamalı zira mevcut teknolojiler çok hızlı bir şekilde tedavülden kalkabilir, yepyeni teknolojiler bir anda sektöre hakim olabilir. Yırtıcı teknolojilerle yıkıcı teknolojilerin at başı gittiği bir dönem yaşıyoruz." YERLİ OTOMOBİL PROJESİ Bakan Işık, otomotiv sektöründe yürütülen en önemli projelerin başında yerli otomobil projesinin geldiğini vurgulayarak, 2020'den önce, yerli otomobilin seri üretimine geçmeyi düşündüklerini bildirdi. Bu proje sonucunda, batarya, elektrik motoru, sürücü kontrol ünitesi ve otonom araç sistemleri gibi teknolojileri de ülkeye kazandıracaklarına işaret eden Işık, "Biz, Türkiye yerli otomobil markası oluşturmalı derken, bunu en çok da yan sanayicilerimize olan güvenimiz nedeniyle dile getirdik. TÜBİTAK'ta ayrıca bir Otomotiv Mükemmeliyet Merkezi de kuruyoruz. Yerli dizel motor üretmek amacıyla bir Motor Mükemmeliyet Merkezi kurmak için de çalışmalarımızı başlattık" dedi. "Dünyada birçok firmanın Türkiye'de yerli otomobilin üretimiyle ilgili bazı rolleri biz üstlenebilir miyiz" dediğini anlatan Işık, sektörde büyük bir ihtiyaç olan Otomotiv Test Merkezini Bursa Yenişehir'de kurmak için çalışmalara devam ettiklerini belirtti. Bakan Işık, çok büyük önem verdikleri bu test merkezinde, özellikle otomotiv sektörünün ihtiyaç duyduğu Tip Onay ve Ar-Ge testleri yapılacağını kaydederek, sözlerini şöyle tamamladı: "Test merkezini kuracağımız 4 bin 300 dönüm arazinin tahsis ve kamulaştırma işlemlerini tamamlamış durumdayız. Test merkezinin ilk aşaması olarak fren test pistinin inşaatına bu yıl içinde başlayacağız. Özellikle yan sanayimiz için çok önemli olan Eşdeğer Parça Uygulamasını hayata geçirdik. Haziran ayında başvuruları almaya başlayan TSE, ilk etapta 3 adet yerli firmaya, motor kaputu, tampon, yağ ve hava filtresi gibi parçalar 25 adet belge verdi. Şu anda 16 firmanın 84 adet ürünü için yaptığı başvurular tamamlanma aşamasındadır. 14 firmanın 89 başvurusuyla ilgili inceleme, muayene ve test işlemleri de sürmektedir. Otomotivde bir üretim üssü olan ülkemizi aynı zamanda bir teknoloji üssüne de dönüştüreceğiz."