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EYT 'de son dakika haberleri gelmeye devam ediyor. Milyonların bekleyişi sürüyor. Bu bağlamda yeni EYT haberlerini derlemeye devam ediyoruz. Uzun zamandır gündemi meşgul eden EYT konusunda Hazine ve Maliye Bakanı Berat Albayrak açıklama yapmıştı. Son olarak Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanı Naci Ağbal 'ın bütçeye ilişkin açıklamaları sonrası EYT konusu araştırılmaya başlandı. Erken emeklilik yasasının 1 Ekim'den sonra Meclis'te görüşülüp görüşülmeyeceğine dair bir açıklama yapılmadı. Son günlerde devlet kademesinde yapılan açıklamalarda ön çalışmalarına başlandığı belirtiliyor. Peki, EYT yasası çıkacak mı? EYT TBMM'ye sunuldu mu? İşte 20 Ekim EYT'de son durum...
EYT YASASI ÇIKACAK MI?
Naci Ağbal, emeklilikte yaşa takılanlar için bütçeden kaynak ayrılıp ayrılmadığına dair bir soru üzerine ise "2020 yılı bütçesi yapılırken mevcut belirlenmiş Kalkınma Planı, Yeni Ekonomi Programı ve mevzuatta tanımlanmış görevler kapsamında giderler oluşturuldu. Dolayısıyla mevzuatta öngörülmeyen herhangi bir konuda bütçeden yeni bir kaynak öngörülmedi." dedi. EYT ile ilgili hükümet bir çalışma olmadığını açıklamıştı.
BAKAN ALBAYRAK'TAN EYT AÇIKLAMASI
Milliyet'in haberine göre, Hazine ve Maliye Bakanı Berat Albayrak'ın kampta yaptığı sunumların ardından milletvekillerinden en çok gelen soru Emeklilikte Yaşa Takılanlar (EYT) ile ilgili oldu.
Albayrak, sorulara "EYT gündemimizde yok, böyle bir çalışma da yok" diye yanıt verdi.
Albayrak'ın, sunumunda, "Seçimlerin yenilenmesi ve ekonomik saldırılar olmasaydı bugün ekonomideki veriler bizim istediğimiz noktada olacaktı. Ama çalışmalarımızı yaptık. En kısa sürede özellikle işsizlikte pozitif adımlar olacak" dediği öğrenildi.
SON DAKİKA EYT HABERLERİ İÇİN TIKLAYIN
EYT ile ilgili tüm detaylar için diğer sayfaları ziyaret ediniz...
EYT'DE SON GELİŞMELER
Meclis' in 1 Ekim 2019 tarihi itibariyle açılmasından sonra çok önemli açıklamaların geldiği EYT yasası ile ilgili milyonlarca vatandaş büyük bir heyecan yaşıyor. Erken emeklilik fırsatı doğuran EYT yasasının kabul edilmesi durumunda, sigortalılık hizmet süresi ve prim ödeme gün sayısını tamamlamış olmasına rağmen emeklilik yaşını bekleyen milyonlarca sigortalı, erken emeklilik fırsatını elde etmiş olacak. Son günlerde devlet kademesinde yapılan açıklamalarda ön çalışmalarına başlandığı belirtiliyor.
EYT'DE 8 ÖNERİ
Öğretim Üyesi Doç. Dr Resul Kurt'un açıklamaları şu şekilde:
Kamuoyunda 'Emeklilikte Yaşa Takılanlar' olarak bilinen EYT'lilerle ilgili çözüm için Sosyal Politikalar Kurulu Başkan Vekili Prof. Dr. Vedat Bilgin hocamızın Cumhurbaşkanımız Recep Tayyip Erdoğan tarafından görevlendirilmesiyle büyük bir heyecan oluştu. Bir süredir gündemin en başında EYT olarak adlandırılan emeklilik yaşını bekleyenlerin talepleri ve buna ilişkin görüşler ve modeller yer alıyor. Esasen benim de dahil olduğum ve 08.09.1999 öncesi çalışması olan ve halihazırda emekli olmayan herkesin dahil olduğu EYT'lilerin istekleri, beklentileri ve buna ilişkin çözüm/model önerileri çok konuşuldu. Ancak bunlardan 3 çözüm yöntemi öne çıktı. Çözüm yöntemleri arasında bazı Avrupa ülkelerinde uygulanan 'kesintili emeklili' de var. Bu formüllere dönük benim de 8 ayrı önerim olacak.
EYT'LİLER NE İSTİYOR
Bilindiği gibi 8 Eylül 1999 tarihinde resmi gazetede yayınlanan 4447 Sayılı Kanun'la kadınlar için 20, erkekler için 25 yıl sigortalılık süresi ve 5000 günlük prim ödeme gün sayısı olan emeklilik şartları değiştirilmiş ve 8 Eylül 1999 tarihinden önce işe girenler için kadınlarda 40 ile 58 erkeklerde ise 44 ile 60 yaş arasında değişen kademeli geçiş süresi getirilmiş, 8 Eylül 1999 tarihinden sonra işe girenler için de emeklilik yaşı kadınlarda 58, erkeklerde 60'a, prim gün sayısı ise 7000 gün olarak belirlendi. Bir kişinin hangi koşullarda emekli olacağı, statüsüne göre ve tabi olduğu kanuna göre belirlenir. 2008'den önce SSK, Bağ-Kur ve Emekli Sandığı olmak üzere üç ayrı kurum ve 5 ayrı kanun söz konusuydu. Esasen EYT grubu homojen olmayıp, SSK, Bağ-Kur, Memur, Tarım SSK ve Tarım Bağ-Kur olmak üzere farklı statülerdeki çalışanlardan oluşuyor. Dolayısıyla da EYT gurubundaki beklentiler ve talepler de birbirinden farklı olabiliyor. EYT'lilerin en temel talebi, 1999'da yapılan bu değişikliğin geçmişe dönük uygulanmasına son verilmesi ve 1999'dan önce çalışmaya başlayanların prim gün sayılarını doldurduğunda yaş şartını beklemeden emekli olabilmelerine imkan tanınmasıdır.
YÖNTEMLER NELER?
• EYT ile ilgili üç çözüm yöntemi öneriliyor. Üç yöntemden ilkine göre, 1969 ve öncesinde doğmuş yani 50 yaşını doldurmuş kadınlar ve 1964 ve öncesinde doğmuş yani 55 yaşını doldurmuş erkekler, 3600 gün pirim ödemişlerse birinci yöntemin yasalaşması halinde erken emekli olabilecek.
• İkinci yöntemde ise yaş şartı kaldırılıyor. Çalışma günü ve prim sayısı dikkate alınarak emekli olma imkanı getiriliyor. Buna göre 20 yıl çalışan bir kadın ve 25 yıl çalışan bir erkek, ikinci yöntemin yasalaşması halinde emekli olabilecek.
• Üçüncü yöntem ise EYT'lilerin de başından beri beklediği ve arzu ettiği bir düzenleme. Buna göre ise 1999 öncesinde işe başlayıp 5 bin gün çalışmış olanların yaş şartına takılmadan emekli olmaları.
6 MİLYON KİŞİ VAR
EYT'lierin sayısı yaklaşık 6 milyon kişi civarında olup, hemen emekli olabileceklerin sayısı ise 1 milyon kişinin üzerinde. EYT'lilere emeklilik imkanı tanınmasının sosyal güvenlik sistemine maliyeti ise 10 yılda 700 milyar liranın üzerinde olacağı da tespitler arasında. Ancak emeklilikte yaşa takılanlara göre düzenleme yapılsa, sadece 700 bin kişi hemen emekli olabilecek ve bunun da maliyeti yıllık 10 milyar liranın biraz üzerine çıkacak.
KESİNTİLİ ERKEN EMEKLİLİK
EYT 'lilere yönelik çözüm olabilecek önerilerden birisi de yurtdışında Finlandiya, Almanya gibi bazı ülkelerde örneği olan kesintili erken emeklilik modeli. Daha önce emekliliğine kaç yıl kalmışsa her yıl için yüzde 5 düşük maaşı kabul edenlere veya emekliliğe yaş şartından kaç yıl kalmışsa hesaplanacak bedelin peşin ödenerek hemen emeklilik modeli gündeme gelmişti. Buna göre Finlandiya'da 61 ve Almanya'da 63 yaşını dolduranlar, belli bir kesinti miktarını kabul etmeleri durumunda kısmi erken yaşlılık emekliliğne hak kazanabilmektedir. Almanya'da yıllık yüzde 3,6 oranında kesinti yapılmaktadır.
NELER YAPILABİLİR?
EYT konusunda emeklilik formülünün olup olmayacağı veya ne şekilde uygulanacağı henüz netleşmiş değil. Bununla ilgili bir mutfak çalışması yapılacak. Ancak burada çözüme katkı sağlayacak bazı önerilerimiz olacak:
• Yaş bekleyen prim ödemeden sağlıktan yararlandırılabilir.
• Yıpranma hakkı olmayan ağır işlerde çalışan işçilere erken emeklilik verilebilir.
• 9000 prim gününü dolduranlara her 360 gün karşılığı dörtte biri yaştan düşebilir.
• Emekli olup sosyal güvenlik destek primi ödeyenlerde her 360 gün prim ödenmesi emekli aylığına yüzde 1 ilave artış getirebilir.
• Yaşını bekleyenlere Almanya, Finlandiya modellerinde olduğu gibi, emekliliklerine 2-4 yıl kalması durumunda her yıl için yüzde 4-5 gibi bir oran üzerinden erken emeklilik kesintisi yapılarak emekli edilebilir.
• Aylık bağlama oranları 50 yaş sonrası çalışmalar için artırılabilir.
• 50 yaş üstü çalışanların işe alımlarında vergi ve SGK teşviki getirilerek istihdam artışı sağlanabilir.
• Çalıştıkça maaş düşmesi önlenebilir, aylık bağlama oranları artırılabilir
EYT ÇIKARSA NE ZAMAN EMEKLİ OLURUM?
Milyonlarca vatandaşın merak ettiği sorulardan EYT çıkarsa ne zaman emekli olurum? Sorusunun yanıtı da henüz kanun koşulları belli olmadığından net bir cevaba sahip değil. Ancak milyonlarca vatandaşın erken emeklilik şansına sahip olacağı tartışmasız bir gerçektir. EYT kanunu çıkarsa ne zaman emekli olurum diyen vatandaşların, öncelikle EYT kanunu şartlarının belli olmasını bekliyor. Milyonlarca vatandaşın aniden emekliliklerini almaları gibi bir durumun devlete oluşturacağı yükten dolayı olanaksız olduğu uzmanlar tarafından belirtiliyor. Bu sebeple EYT kanunu çıksa dahi EYT'lilerin bir süre daha sabretmeleri gerekeceği belirtiliyor. Meclis gündemine en kısa süre içerisinde getirilse de dahi milyonlarca EYT'linin erken emeklilik haklarını 2020 yılı içerisinde alabileceği belirtiliyor.