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Merkez Bankası Başkanı Şahap Kavcıoğlu , bankanın kurumsal blog sayfası Merkezi n Güncesi'nde, 'Liralaşma Stratejisi' başlıklı bir yazı kaleme aldı.
Yazısında, Türkiye 'nin yakın zamanda yeni Türkiye ekonomi modeli ni uygulamaya başladığını anımsatan Kavcıoğlu, bu modelin büyük ölçüde yerli sermaye ve beşeri kapasite kullanılarak geliştirildiğini, ekonominin yatırım, istihdam, üretim ve ihracatla kalıcı fiyat istikrarını yakalayarak sürdürülebilir büyümesini önceliklendirdiğini kaydetti.
"FİNANSAL SİSTEMİN TÜRK LİRASI AĞIRLIKLI BİR YAPIYA KAVUŞMASI HEDEFLENİYOR"
Kavcıoğlu, TCMB 'nin uygulamaya koyduğu Lirala şma Stratejisi'nin, bu modelin baş unsurlarından biri olduğuna işaret ederek, "Liralaşma stratejisi ile hanehalkı, firma ve bankacılık kesimlerinin varlık ve yükümlülüklerinde Türk lirası cinsi kalemlerin ağırlığının kademeli bir şekilde artırılması, böylece finansal sistemin bütüncül olarak Türk lirası ağırlıklı bir yapıya kavuşması hedeflenmektedir." ifadelerini kullandı.
Para politikası duruşunun, sürdürülebilir fiyat istikrarını sağlama temel amacı doğrultusunda, üretimin sürekliliği, cari dengenin bileşenleri, kredilerin büyümesi, kompozisyonu ve kullanım amaçları ile döviz piyasasında sağlıklı fiyat oluşumları gözetilerek belirlendiğini vurgulayan Kavcıoğlu, şu görüşleri paylaştı:
"TCMB, ekonomimizin son yirmi yıldaki emsalsiz kazanımlarını koruyup ülkemizi ekonomik gelişmişlik ve toplumsal refahta ileriye taşıyabilecek kritik bir dönemeçte para politikasını uzun dönemli bir perspektifle geliştirmektedir. Liralaşma; finansal sistemde temel değer saklama aracının Türk lirası cinsinden varlıklar olmasını, tüm bilançolarda Türk lirası ağırlığının önemli ölçüde artmasını, TCMB'nin Türk lirası fonlamasında ağırlıklı olarak sabit getirili Türk lirası cinsi varlıkların teminat olarak kullanılmasını, yurt içindeki ticari işlemlerde yegâne değişim aracının Türk lirası olmasını sağlayacak süreçleri ve TCMB'nin bu makro süreci yönetmek için izlediği bütünleşik politika çerçevesini ifade etmektedir. Liralaşma ile hanehalkı, firma ve bankacılık kesimlerinin varlık ve yükümlülüklerinde Türk lirası cinsi kalemlerin ağırlığının artırılması, böylece finansal sistemin bütüncül olarak Türk lirası ağırlıklı hale gelmesi mümkün olacaktır. Liralaşma ayrıca sözleşme, fiyatlama ve ödeme işlemlerinde Türk lirasının temel alınmasını da kapsamaktadır."
"OLUŞUCAK GÜVEN ORTAMI ENFLASYON EĞİLİMLERİNİ NORMALLEŞTİRECEKTİR"
Kavcıoğlu, yazısında Lirala şma Stratejisi'nin genel çerçevesi hakkında da bilgi verdi.
TCMB 'nin, fiyat istikrarı temel amacı doğrultusunda para politikası kararlarını şekillendirirken tespit edilen tüm verimsizliklerin ortadan kaldırılmasını ve aktarım mekanizmasının sağlıklı bir şekilde çalışmasını hedeflediğini belirten Kavcıoğlu, döviz piyasalarında ekonomik temellerden uzaklaşan fiyatlama davranışlarının engellenmesi ve Liralaşma Stratejisi'nin desteklenmesi amacıyla bir dizi düzenleme yapıldığını anımsattı.
Kavcıoğlu, yapılan düzenlemelerin tamamının finansal sistemde Türk lirası na talebin yapısal ve kalıcı olarak artırılmasına katkıda bulunacağını vurgulayarak, "Döviz kurlarında sağlanacak istikrar neticesinde fiyatlar üzerindeki kur kaynaklı doğrudan maliyet baskısı zayıflayacak; fiyatlamalarda yabancı paralara endekslenme tercihlerinin giderek azalmasıyla ve oluşacak güven ortamının beklentileri olumluya dönüştürmesiyle enflasyon eğilimleri normalleşecektir." değerlendirmelerini yaptı.
Reel sektöre finansal sistem tarafından sağlanan kredilerin belirlenmiş amaçlara uygun kullanımı ve kaynakların dağılımının finansal istikrarı güçlendirmesinin, Türk lirasının ekonomik aktarım temellerinin sağlamlaştırılması açısından elzem görüldüğünü dile getiren Kavcıoğlu, şöyle devam etti:
"Türk lirası krediler sürdürülebilir bir finansman maliyetiyle ve kapsayıcı olarak ekonomimizin potansiyel büyümesini artırıcı şekilde kullandırıldığında hem parasal büyümenin hem de cari dengenin istikrarlı gelişimi sağlanacaktır. Kredi kanalının etkin çalışması için kredilerin ve parasal büyüklüklerin fiyat istikrarı ile tutarlı bir şekilde üretimi desteklemesi gerekmektedir. Liralaşma Stratejisi kapsamında kredilerin kompozisyonu ve büyümesine ilişkin makroihtiyati tedbirler alınmaya devam edecektir. Böylelikle bankacılık sektörünün iktisadi faaliyetin ihtiyacı olan dengeli kredi büyümesini para politikası duruşuna katkı verecek şekilde sürdürmesi teşvik edilecektir. Bu noktada liralaşma ilkeleriyle uyumluluğu artırılan ve finansal kapsayıcılığı geliştirilen reeskont ve Yatırım Taahhütlü Avans Kredileri, hedefli kredi uygulamalarına örnek olması açısından desteklenmektedir."
200'DEN FAZLA ÜLKEYE 4 BİN 300 CİVARINDA ÜRÜN SATILIYOR
TCMB Başkanı Kavcıoğlu, yazısında Türkiye ekonomisinin 2001 krizi sonrası kazanımları ve yapısal dönüşümüne de değindi.
Büyüme, istihdam ve ihracatta elde edilen başarılardan bahsedilen yazıda Kavcıoğlu, Türkiye'nin 200'den fazla ülkeye 4 bin 300 civarında farklı ürün satarak benzer ülkelere kıyasla daha yüksek bir pazar ve ürün çeşitliliği kapasitesi oluşturduğunu ifade etti.
Kavcıoğlu, bu dönemde Türkiye'nin üretim odaklı dönüşümü, küresel lojistik zincirlerindeki kalıcı konumlanması ve istihdamdaki olumlu performansının yanı sıra mali disiplin bakımından dünyada en iyi performanslardan birini sergilediğini ve bütçe disiplininden taviz vermediğini vurguladı.
Söz konusu mali disiplin performansının çok güçlü bir çıpa özelliği göstererek özellikle 2008 küresel finansal krizinin ekonomiye etkisini sınırladığını ve Türkiye'nin enflasyonla mücadeledeki kazanımlarında öncü bir rol oynadığını belirten Kavcıoğlu, bu kazanımlara rağmen enflasyonun yüzde 5 hedefine kalıcı olarak düşürülemediğini dile getirdi. Kavcıoğlu, yazısına şöyle devam etti:
"UZUN DÖNEM SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR KALICI BİR YAPISAL İSTİKRAR PROGRAM"
"Bu dönemde uygulanan sıkı para ve maliye politikaları ile küresel dezenflasyonist ortama karşın kalıcı fiyat istikrarı tesis edilemezken devam eden süreçte ortaya çıkan içsel ve dışsal şoklar ile enflasyonla mücadele tam anlamıyla başarılı olamamıştır. Son dönemde ise salgınla başlayan küresel arz ve tedarik sorunlarına, bölgemizdeki sıcak çatışma ortamının sebep olduğu, başta enerji olmak üzere tüm emtia fiyatlarındaki artışların eklenmesiyle enflasyon görünümündeki bozulma belirginleşmiştir. Bu doğrultuda özellikle son yıllarda edinilen tecrübeler, enflasyonla mücadelede kısa vadeli kazanımların yerine enflasyonu sık sık hedeften uzaklaştıran yapısal kırılganlıkları hedefleyen politikaların önemini ve uzun dönem sürdürülebilirliği önceleyen kalıcı bir yapısal istikrar programına olan ihtiyacı ortaya koymuştur."
"FİYAT İSTİKRARINI SAĞLAYACAK KALICI REFORMLARA ODAKLANIYORUZ"
Prof. Dr. Şahap Kavcıoğlu , TCMB 'nin para politikası kararlarını tasarlarken başta sürdürülebilir dış denge olmak üzere Türkiye ekonomisinin yapısal sorunları ile yüzleştiğini ifade etti.
Bu süreçte, kolay ama geçici çözümler yerine kısa ve orta vadeli zorluklarına rağmen uzun dönemli kalıcı çözümlere odaklanıldığını aktaran Kavcıoğlu, "Bu süreç, aynı zamanda uzun yılların çabasına rağmen henüz çözülememiş bir yapısal soruna meydan okumadır." ifadesini kullandı.
Kavcıoğlu, Lirala şma Stratejisi ile ekonomik modelin para politikasına ilişkin sütunlarını inşa ettiklerini ve serbest piyasa dinamikleri çerçevesinde sürdürülebilir fiyat istikrarını sağlayacak kalıcı reformlara odaklandıklarını vurgulayarak, şunları kaydetti: "LİRALAŞMA STRATEJİMİZİ GERÇEKLEŞLEŞTİRMEYE KARARLIYIZ"
"Ülkemizin sahip olduğu stratejik küresel değer ile uyumlu, vatandaşlarımızın sahip olduğu emsalsiz beşeri sermaye ile oluşturduğu katma değere yakışır şekilde, ekonomimizde Türk lirasına olan ilginin sürekli artmasını, milli paramızın ekonomimizin temel ödeme ve temel değer saklama aracı haline gelmesini, finansal kaynakların yatırım, istihdam, üretim ve ihracata yönelik verimli ve dengeli dağılmasını ve böylelikle kalıcı cari denge tesis edilirken finansal mimarimizin para politikasının etkinliğini artıracak şekilde tasarlanmasını liralaşma stratejimiz ile gerçekleştirmeye kararlıyız.
Temel önceliğimiz, liralaşma stratejisi sayesinde enflasyonla mücadelede uzun yıllardır yapısal sorun olmayı sürdüren, yüksek yerel para ikamesi sorununu çözmek ve kalıcı dış denge sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamaktır. Makro ve mikro ihtiyati tedbirlerin de desteği ile bu sefer kamu finansmanındaki güçlü dengeye dış denge sürdürülebilirliği de eşlik eder hale geleceği için fiyat istikrarını sağlama ve sürdürme hedefi tamamen gerçekleşmiş olacaktır."