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Telefonlar neden çalışmıyor? Bugün İstanbul 'da meydana gelen deprem vatandaşları korkuttu. İstanbul'da yaşanan deprem sonrası üç büyük GSM operatörünün hatları da yoğunluk nedeniyle kilitlendi. Vatandaşlar yakınlarını ararken zorluk yaşıyor. Kent genelinde telefon hatlarına ulaşımda problem yaşanıyor. Türk Telekom, Turkcell, Vodafone cep telefonları niye çekmiyor ? İstanbul'da telefonlar neden çalışmıyor ? CSEM verilerine göre derinliği 5 km olan depremin büyüklüğü 5,8. Telefonların çalışmaması ise araştırılmaya başlandı. Kandilli Rasathanesi depremin merkez üssünün Silivri olduğunu ve büyüklüğünü 5,7 olarak açıkladı.
ŞEBEKE SORUNU NE ZAMAN DÜZELECEK?
Cep telefonlarında İstanbul 'daki deprem in ardından şebeke sorunu yaşanıyor. Bu şebeke sorunun nedeni ve ne zaman düzeleceği konusunda resmi bir açıklama yapılmadı. Türk Telekom, Turkcell ve Vodafone kullanıcıları şebeke sorununu ne zaman düzeleceğini araştırıyor. Resmi açıklama geldiğinde haberimizin içeriğinde yer alacak.
KANDİLLİ SON DEPREMLER
Tarih Saat Enlem(N) Boylam(E) Derinlik(km) MD ML Mw Yer ---------- -------- -------- ------- ---------- ------------ -------------- 2019.09.26 14:35:47 40.8818 28.2437 12.4 -.- 2.1 -.- SILIVRI ACIKLARI-ISTANBUL (MARMARA DENIZI) 2019.09.26 14:34:02 40.8787 28.2078 12.9 -.- 3.2 3.0 SILIVRI ACIKLARI-ISTANBUL (MARMARA DENIZI) 2019.09.26 14:31:51 40.8808 28.2117 10.1 -.- 3.0 2.8 SILIVRI ACIKLARI-ISTANBUL (MARMARA DENIZI) 2019.09.26 14:26:36 40.8635 28.2837 13.3 -.- 4.4 4.2 MARMARA DENIZI 2019.09.26 14:22:55 40.8823 28.2447 8.3 -.- 2.4 -.- SILIVRI ACIKLARI-ISTANBUL (MARMARA DENIZI) 2019.09.26 14:21:16 40.8718 28.2265 9.1 -.- 2.7 -.- SILIVRI ACIKLARI-ISTANBUL (MARMARA DENIZI) 2019.09.26 14:19:54 40.8933 28.2725 6.8 -.- 3.2 3.2 MARMARA DENIZI 2019.09.26 14:08:58 40.8710 28.2783 5.0 -.- 3.1 -.- MARMARA DENIZI 2019.09.26 14:04:38 40.9338 28.2022 5.0 -.- 3.0 -.- MARMARA DENIZI 2019.09.26 13:59:24 40.8832 28.2110 12.6 -.- 5.7 6.0 SILIVRI ACIKLARI-ISTANBUL (MARMARA DENIZI) 2019.09.26 12:00:16 40.8718 28.2342 10.8 -.- 3.1 3.0 SILIVRI ACIKLARI-ISTANBUL (MARMARA DENIZI) 2019.09.26 11:53:18 37.8132 29.6922 5.0 -.- 1.6 -.- CARDAK (DENIZLI) 2019.09.26 11:51:36 37.5665 29.4005 16.8 -.- 1.6 -.- KUYUCAK-ACIPAYAM (DENIZLI) 2019.09.26 11:27:07 40.8822 28.2002 15.1 -.- 2.3 -.- MARMARA DENIZI 2019.09.26 11:25:10 39.9900 26.1540 12.2 -.- 1.9 -.- YENIKOY-EZINE (CANAKKALE) 2019.09.26 11:16:13 39.4917 25.8467 4.6 -.- 2.8 -.- GULPINAR ACIKLARI-CANAKKALE (EGE DENIZI) 2019.09.26 10:52:46 40.8837 28.2177 7.2 -.- 2.5 -.- SILIVRI ACIKLARI-ISTANBUL (MARMARA DENIZI) 2019.09.26 10:50:11 35.8238 28.2142 5.0 -.- 3.2 3.3 AKDENIZ 2019.09.26 10:42:31 39.4375 26.0482 5.1 -.- 1.8 -.- BABAKALE-AYVACIK (CANAKKALE) 2019.09.26 10:32:06 40.8755 28.2232 8.7 -.- 3.7 3.7 SILIVRI ACIKLARI-ISTANBUL (MARMARA DENIZI) 2019.09.26 09:13:13 39.2598 27.7113 0.0 -.- 1.6 -.- KOZLUOREN-SOMA (MANISA) 2019.09.26 09:03:54 35.5597 32.3203 25.4 -.- 3.3 3.0 AKDENIZ 2019.09.26 08:45:00 38.3472 27.2497 1.9 -.- 1.5 -.- GOKDERE-BORNOVA (IZMIR) 2019.09.26 08:34:24 40.9637 28.1833 17.1 -.- 1.5 -.- MARMARA DENIZI 2019.09.26 07:44:39 39.0185 26.7252 8.2 -.- 1.9 -.- DIKILI ACIKLARI-IZMIR (EGE DENIZI) 2019.09.26 07:09:37 35.0527 33.8442 4.6 -.- 2.1 -.- KIBRIS-GAZIMAGUSA 2019.09.26 07:05:37 40.8417 28.6705 8.7 -.- 2.2 -.- MARMARA DENIZI 2019.09.26 05:57:15 38.9435 43.4802 23.9 -.- 1.5 -.- VAN GOLU
DEPREM NEDİR ?
Yerkabuğu içindeki kırılmalar nedeniyle ani olarak ortaya çıkan titreşimlerin dalgalar halinde yayılarak geçtikleri ortamları ve yeryüzeyini sarsma olayına "DEPREM " denir.
Deprem, insanın hareketsiz kabul ettiği ve güvenle ayağını bastığı toprağın da oynayacağını ve üzerinde bulunan tüm yapılarında hasar görüp, can kaybına uğrayacak şekilde yıkılabileceklerini gösteren bir doğa olayıdır.
Depremin nasıl oluştuğunu, deprem dalgalarının yeryuvarı içinde ne şekilde yayıldıklarını, ölçü aletleri ve yöntemlerini, kayıtların değerlendirilmesini ve deprem ile ilgili diğer konuları inceleyen bilim dalına "SİSMOLOJİ" denir.
DEPREMİN OLUŞ NEDENLERİ VE TÜRLERİ:
Dünyanın iç yapısı konusunda, jeolojik ve jeofizik çalışmalar sonucu elde edilen verilerin desteklediği bir yeryüzü modeli bulunmaktadır. Bu modele göre, yerkürenin dış kısmında yaklaşık 70-100 km.kalınlığında oluşmuş bir taşküre (Litosfer) vardır. Kıtalar ve okyanuslar bu taşkürede yer alır.Litosfer ile çekirdek arasında kalan ve kalınlığı 2.900 km olan kuşağa Manto adı verilir. Manto'nun altındaki çekirdegin Nikel-Demir karışımından oluştuğu kabul edilmektedir.Yerin, yüzeyden derine gidildikçe ısının arttığı bilinmektedir. Enine deprem dalgalarının yerin çekirdeğinde yayılamadığı olgusundan giderek çekirdeğin sıvı bir ortam olması gerektiği sonucuna varılmaktadır.
Manto genelde katı olmakla beraber yüzeyden derine inildikçe içinde yerel sıvı ortamları bulundurmaktadır.
Taşküre'nin altında Astenosfer denilen yumuşak Üst Manto bulunmaktadır.Burada oluşan kuvvetler, özellikle konveksiyon akımları nedeni ile, taş kabuk parçalanmakta ve birçok "Levha"lara bölünmektedir. Üst Manto'da oluşan konveksiyon akımları, radyoaktivite nedeni ile oluşan yüksek ısıya bağlanmaktadır. Konveksiyon akımları yukarılara yükseldikçe taşyuvarda gerilmelere ve daha sonra da zayıf zonların kırılmasıyla levhaların oluşmasına neden olmaktadır. Halen 10 kadar büyük levha ve çok sayıda küçük levhalar vardır. Bu levhalar üzerinde duran kıtalarla birlikte, Astenosfer üzerinde sal gibi yüzmekte olup, birbirlerine göre insanların hissedemeyeceği bir hızla hareket etmektedirler.
Konveksiyon akımlarının yükseldiği yerlerde levhalar birbirlerinden uzaklaşmakta ve buradan çıkan sıcak magmada okyanus ortası sırtlarını oluşturmaktadır. Levhaların birbirlerine değdikleri bölgelerde sürtünmeler ve sıkışmalar olmakta, sürtünen levhalardan biri aşağıya Manto'ya batmakta ve eriyerek yitme zonlarını oluşturmaktadır. Konveksiyon akımlarının neden olduğu bu ardışıklı olay tatkürenin altında devam edip gitmektedir.
İşte yerkabuğunu oluşturan levhaların birbirine sürtündükleri, birbirlerini sıkıştırdıkları, birbirlerinin üstüne çıktıklar�� ya da altına girdikleri bu levhaların sınırları dünyada depremlerin oldukları yerler olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Dünyada olan depremlerin hemen büyük çoğunluğu bu levhaların birbirlerini zorladıkları levha sınırlarında dar kuşaklar üzerinde olusmaktadır.
Yukarıda, yerkabuğunu oluşturan "Levha"ların, Astenosferdeki konveksiyon akımları nedeniyle hareket halinde olduklarını ve bu nedenle birbirlerini ittiklerini veya birbirlerinden açıldıklarını ve bu olayların meydana geldiği zonların da deprem bölgelerini oluşturduğunu söylemistik.
Birbirlerini iten ya da diğerinin altına giren iki levha arasında, harekete engel olan bir sürtünme kuvveti vardır. Bir levhanın hareket edebilmesi için bu sürtünme kuvvetinin giderilmesi gerekir.
İtilmekte olan bir levha ile bir diğer levha arasında sürtünme kuvveti aşıldığı zaman bir hareket oluşur. Bu hareket çok kısa bir zaman biriminde gerçekleşir ve şok niteliğindedir. Sonunda çok uzaklara kadar yayılabilen deprem (sarsıntı) dalgaları ortaya çıkar.Bu dalgalar geçtiği ortamları sarsarak ve depremin oluş yönünden uzaklaştıkça enerjisi azalarak yayılır. Bu sırada yeryüzünde, bazen gözle görülebilen, kilometrelerce uzanabilen ve FAY adı verilen arazi kırıkları oluşabilir. Bu kırıklar bazen yeryüzünde gözlenemez, yüzey tabakaları ile gizlenmiş olabilir. Bazen de eski bir depremden oluşmuş ve yerüzüne kadar çıkmış, ancak zamanla örtülmüş bir fay yeniden oynayabilir.
Depremlerinin olusumunun bu sekilde ve "Elastik Geri Sekme Kuramı" adı altında anlatımı 1911 yılında Amerikalı Reid tarafından yapılmıştır ve laboratuvarlarda da denenerek ispatlanmıştır.
Bu kurama göre, herhangibir noktada, zamana bağımlı olarak, yavaş yavaş oluşan birim deformasyon birikiminin elastik olarak depoladığı enerji, kritik bir değere eriştiğinde, fay düzlemi boyunca var olan sürtünme kuvvetini yenerek, fay çizgisinin her iki tarafındaki kayaç bloklarının birbirine göreli hareketlerini oluşturmaktadır. Bu olay ani yer değiştirme hareketidir. Bu ani yer değiştirmeler ise bir noktada biriken birim deformasyon enerjisinin açığa çıkması, boşalması, diğer bir deyişle mekanik enerjiye dönüşmesi ile ve sonuç olarak yer katmanlarının kırılma ve yırtılma hareketi ile olmaktadır.
Aslında kayaların, önceden bir birim yerdeğiştirme birikimine uğramadan kırılmaları olanaksızdır. Bu birim yer değiştirme hareketlerini, hareketsiz görülen yerkabuğunda, üst mantoda oluşan konveksiyon akımları oluşturmakta, kayalar belirli bir deformasyona kadar dayanıklılık gösterebilmekte ve sonrada kırılmaktadır. İşte bu kırılmalar sonucu depremler oluşmaktadır. Bu olaydan sonra da kayalardan uzak zamandan beri birikmiş olan gerilmelerin ve enerjinin bir kısmı ya da tamamı giderilmiş olmaktadır.
Çoğunlukla bu deprem olayı esnasında oluşan faylarda, elastik geri sekmeler (atım), fayın her iki tarafında ve ters yönde oluşmaktadırlar.
FAYLAR genellikle hareket yönlerine göre isimlendirilirler. Daha çok yatay hareket sonucu meydana gelen faylara "Doğrultu Atımlı Fay"denir. Fayın oluşturduğu iki ayrı blokun birbirlerine göreli olarak sağa veya sola hareketlerinden de bahsedilebilinir ki bunlar sağ veya sol yönlü doğrultulu atımlı faya bir örnektir.
Düsey hareketlerle meydana gelen faylara da "Egim Atımlı Fay"denir. Fayların çoğunda hem yatay, hem de düsey hareket bulunabilir.