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Corona aşısı tedavisi bulundu mu? Corona virüsü aşısı ve tedavisi için bilim insanları çalışmalarını sürdürüyor. Birçok ülkede yeni tedavi yöntemleri denenmeye başlandı. Bu tedavilerde sıtma ilaçları ön plana çıkarken, bazı ülkelerde hayvanlar üzerinde testler başladı. Sağlık Bakanlığı, Türkiye'de etkili olan corona virüsü salgınında ihtiyaç duyan hastalarda kullanılmak üzere 'immün plazma' yönteminin temini ve kullanımı konusunda çalışma başlatıldığını açıkladı. Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanı Mustafa Varank da 14 farklı aşı ve ilaç geliştirme projesi olduğunu duyurdu. İşte , Corona aşısı ve tedavisi için dünyadaki son gelişmeler!
SAĞLIK BAKANLIĞI İMMUN PLAZMA ÇALIŞMASI BAŞLATTI
Sağlık Bakanlığı, corona virüsünden etkilenenler arasında uygun görülenlerin tedavisinde kullanılacak 'immün plazma temini'ne ilişkin kriterleri belirlediği ifade edildi.
Buna göre, hastalığı geçirip iyileşenlerin bağışçı olabilmesi için, enfeksiyonu geçirmiş olduğuna dair laboratuvar testi sonucu gerekecek.
Ayrıca, 'immün plazma'nın tedarik ve uygulama işleminde Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu'nun (SGK) belirlemiş olduğu ücret dışında hiçbir ek ücret alınamayacak.
Bakanlık tarafından konuyla ilgili yapılan açıklama şu şekilde:
* Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) gelişmekte olan COVID-19 salgınına karşı kan mevzuatı için yayınladığı ara durum bildirgesi ile pandemi sırasında immün plazma tedavisinin en çok tavsiye edilen potansiyel tedavilerden biri olduğunu, yetkili otoritelerin immün plazma veya serumun toplanması için uygun düzenleyici koşulları oluşturarak bu alanda ilerlemeleri gerektiğini vurgulamıştır.
* 24 Mart 2020 tarihinde Amerikan FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration), "COVID-19 Konvansiyonel Plazma Araştırması – Acil Durum" bildirgesi ile aynı konuda bir tavsiye kararı yayınlamıştır.
* Tüm bu gelişmeler göz önüne alındığında, immün plazmaların aktif virüs infeksiyonu nedeniyle hastanede yatan hastalara tedavi amacıyla verilmesinin bilimsel temellerinin oluştuğu görülmektedir.
* Ülkemizde de etkisini göstermeye başlayan COVID-19 pandemisinde, ihtiyaç duyan hastalara kullanmak üzere immün plazmanın temini ve kullanımı konusunda bakanlığımızca çalışma başlatılmıştır.
* Bu çerçevede Türk Kızılay bölge kan merkezleri (BKM), süreli bölge kan merkezleri (SBKM), bünyesinde Bakanlığımızca ruhsatlandırılmış aferez merkezi bulunan kamu, özel ve vakıf üniversite hastaneleri, eğitim ve araştırma hastaneleri ile kamu yararı gözeten vakıf hastaneleri COVID-19 enfeksiyonu geçirmiş olan bağışçıdan ekte tanımlanan kriterler çerçevesinde ve bu hastanelerin transfüzyon merkezleri sorumluluğunda (Kan ve Kan Ürünleri Yönetmeliği ilkelerine uygun olarak) immün plazma elde edilmesine yönelik faaliyetleri yürütebileceklerdir.
* BKM dışındaki merkezlerde toplanan immün plazmalar sadece kendi merkezinde (veya aynı il içindeki merkezlerinde) kullanılabilecektir. Bünyesinde aferez merkezi bulunmayan veya kendi hastanesinde plazma toplamak istemeyen sağlık kuruluşları immün plazmaya ihtiyaç duymaları halinde, bağlı bulundukları BKM'den talep edeceklerdir.
* Bu onay kapsamında immün plazma elde edilmesi ve kullanımına izin verilen sağlık kuruluşlarının söz konusu faaliyetleri yürütmesi, COVID-19 pandemisi süresince geçerli olup Bakanlıkça belirlenen tarihte sonlandırılacaktır.
İMMÜN PLAZMA NEDİR?
İmmün plazma, corona virüsü hastalığını yenen insanların kanından bu hastalığı durduracak antikorların izole edilerek diğer insanların tedavisinde ve korunmasında kullanılması esasına dayanıyor. Hastalığı yenenlerin plazma ve hücre bağışında bulunması gerekiyor. Yoğun bakımda yatan hastalar için bağışık olan insanların hücrelerini ve kanındaki antikorları kullanılacak.
HONG KONG'TA TESTLERDE İLERLEME KAYDEDİLDİ
South China Morning Post gazetesi, Hong Kong Üniversitesi'nin corona virüsünün insanda tutunduğu proteinin benzerine sahip hamster üzerindeki araştırmasını duyurdu.
Önce corona virüsünden iyileşen türdeşlerinden alınan kan serumu, sonra virüs enjekte edilen hamsterin virüs yükü çok az çıktı. Aynı yöntemin insanlara uygulanması planlanıyor.
Prof. Yuen, araştırmayı şöyle anlattı:
* Deneylerde kullanılan 45 hamsterda corona virüsü bulaştırılmasından itibaren ilk 7 günde akciğer, soluk borusu, bağışıklık sistemi, bağırsaklar ağır hasar gördü.
* Ama ilk haftanın ardından bazı hamsterler iyileşmeye başladı. Akciğer hücreleri yeniden çoğalmaya başladı, yeniden kilo aldılar, antikorlar geliştirdiler. Yani iyileşen insanlarla aynı belirtileri gösterdiler.
* Bunun üzerine ekip, iyileşen hamsterlerden kan serumu aldı.
* Sağlam bir hamstere ilkin bu kan serumu, ardından corona virüsü enjekte edildi.
* Bu hamsterde virüs yükü yaklaşık 10 kat azalma gösterdi.
* Buradan, aynı şeyin insanlara yapılmasının, yani iyileşen hastaların kan plazmasının hastalara enjekte edilmesinin, vücutlarındaki virüs yükünü azaltarak iyileşmelerine yardımcı olacağı çıkarını yapıldı.
Ekip insanlar üzerinde deneylere başlayabilmek için Tıp Konseyi Etik Komisyonu'nun onayını bekliyor.
JAPONYA KLİNİK ÇALIŞMALARA BAŞLADI
Japon Fujifilm Grubu'nun bir şirketi olan Toyama Chemical Co. Ltd. tarafından grip ilacı olarak geliştirilen Avigan'ın corona virüsü tedavisinde kullanılabilmesi için klinik çalışmalara başlandığı açıklandı.
Yüz kişiyi kapsayacak araştırma sürecinde ilacın corona virüsü semptomları karşısındaki etkinliğini test edeceği öğrenilen araştırmacıların, çalışmalarını haziran sonunda tamamlamayı hedeflediği belirtildi. Avigan'ın etkinliğinin kanıtlanması halinde, Japonya hükümetinden corona virüsü tedavisinde kullanılmak üzere onay alması bekleniyor.
AVUSTRALYA TESTLERE BAŞLIYOR
Avustralya'nın ulusal bilim ajansı Milletler Topluluğu Bilimsel ve Endüstriyel Araştırma Kurumu (CSIRO) 2 farklı 'potansiyel' Corona Virüs aşısının hayvanlar üzerinde deneneceğini açıkladı. Açıklamaya göre, hayvanlar üzerinde denenen aşıların, insanlar üzerinde zararlı olup olmadığı test edilecek.
Test sonuçlarının ise Haziran ayında çıkmasının beklendiği ifade edildi. CSIRO'dan Dr. Rob Grenfell, sürecin normal şartlarda bir ila iki yıl süreceğini ancak küresel salgına karşı önlemlerin hızlı alınması gerektiğini ifade ederek, "Normalde bu noktaya gelmek yaklaşık bir ila iki yıl sürer. Bunu birkaç aylık bir süreye kısalttık" dedi.