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Orucu bozan şeyler nelerdir? 11 ayın sultanı mübarek Ramazan ayında orucu bozan haller merak ediliyor. Orucu bozan ve bozmayan durumlar hakkında araştırma yapılıyor. Diş fırçalamak, banyo yapmak, göz veya burun damlası kullanmak, merhem sürmek gibi şeylerin orucu bozup bozmadığı merak konusu oldu. İşte, oruç tutan vatandaşların merak ettiği soruların yanıtları ve orucu bozan şeyler hakkında bilgiler!
ORUCU BOZAN VE BOZMAYAN DURUMLAR NELERDİR?
Orucun temel unsuru, yeme, içme ve cinsel ilişkiden uzak durmak, nefsi bunlardan mahrum bırakmak olduğu için, oruçlu iken bunlar ve bu anlama gelecek davranışlar orucu bozar. Yemek ve içmek, yenilip içilmesi mûtat olan her şeyi kapsamı içine alır. Sigara, nargile gibi keyif veren tütün kökenli dumanlı maddeler ile uyuşturucular ve tiryakilik gereği alınan tüm maddeler oruç yasakları kapsamına girer (İbn Âbidîn, Reddü'l-muhtâr, III, 386-387). Her ne sebeple olursa olsun, ağızdan alınan ilaçlar da aynı hükme tabidir.
Yolculuk, hastalık, ileri derecede yaşlılık gibi meşru bir mazerete dayalı olarak bozulan orucun, sadece kaza edilmesi gerekir. Ayrıca, kasıt olmaksızın yemek-içmek; beslenme amacı ve anlamı taşımayan, yenilip içilmesi mutat olmayan şeylerin tüketilmesi orucu bozar ve durum kazayı gerektirir.
Unutarak yemek içmek veya cinsî münasebette bulunmak orucu bozmaz. Ancak oruçlu olduğunu hatırladığı anda, bu işleri yapmaktan anında uzaklaşmalıdır. Peygamber Efendimiz, "Bir kimse oruçlu olduğunu unutarak yer, içerse orucunu tamamlasın, bozmasın. Çünkü onu, Allâh yedirmiş, içirmiştir" buyurmuştur (Buhari, "Savm", 26). Unutarak yiyen içen kişi, oruçlu olduğunu hatırlarsa hemen ağzındakileri çıkarıp ağzını yıkar ve orucuna devam eder Oruçlu olduğunu hatırladıktan sonra yeme-içmeye devam eden kişinin orucu bozulur, kaza edilmesi gerekir.
EZAN OKUNURKEN SU İÇMEK ORUCU BOZAR MI?
Ramazan ayında sahura kalkan oruç tutmaya niyet eden kişiler, sahurda sabah ezanının okunmasına kadar geçen süre içerisinde istediklerini içip yiyebilirler.
Ancak sahur vaktinde sabah ezanının okunmasıyla bir şey yiyip içilmez. Bu nedenle ezan okunduğunda niyet edilerek oruca başlanmalıdır. Ne yiyip içiliyorsa bırakılmalıdır. Ramazan ayında sabah ezanı okunmasıyla oruca başlama vakti de başlamış olur.
DİŞ MACUNU YUTULURSA
Boğaza su kaçırmadan ağzı su ile çalkalamak orucu bozmaz. Diş macununun veya suyun boğaza kaçması hâlinde oruç bozulur.
KENDİ MÜDAHALESİYLE KUSARSA
Miktarı ne olursa olsun kendiliğinden gelen kusuntu orucu bozmaz. Aynı şekilde mideden ansızın ağza yükselip tekrar mideye dönen şeyler de oruca zarar vermez. Kişinin kendi isteği ile ağız dolusu kusması hâlinde ise oruç bozulur.
GENEL ANESTESİ UYGULANIRSA
Anestezi, nefes yolu veya iğne ile vücuda ilaç verilerek oluşturulmaktadır. Nefes yolu veya iğne ile yapılan anestezi, mideye ulaşmadığı gibi, yeme-içme anlamı da taşımamaktadır. Ancak bölgesel ve genel anestezide, acil durumlarda ilaç ve sıvı vermek amacıyla damar yolu açılarak, bu açıklık işlem süresince serum vermek suretiyle sağlanmaktadır. Bu itibarla, lokal anestezi (sınırlı uyuşturma) orucun sıhhatine engel değildir. Bölgesel ve genel anestezide serum verildiği için oruç bozulur.
KAN ALINIRSA
Ramazan'da oruçlu iken kan verenin orucu bozulmaz. Vücuda kan almak ise, beslenme, gıda alma kapsamına girdiği için orucu bozar.
SUSUZ HAP YUTULURSA
Oruçlu bir kimse meşru bir mazaret olmaksızın gıda veya ilaç cinsinden bir şeyi ister su ile, ister susuz olarak yer veya içerse orucu bozulur
ORUCU BOZMAYAN ŞEYLER NELERDİR?
1- Oruçlu olduğunu unutarak yiyip içmek,
2- Ağza gelen kusuntunun geri gitmesi,
3- Oksijen tüpüyle ilaçsız suni hava vermek,
4- Orucu bozmaya niyet edip de bozmamak,
5- İstemeyerek ağız dolusu kusmak,
6- İsteyerek, zorlayarak biraz kusmak,
7- Sahurda tokluk veren ilaçlar kullanmak,
8- Göze katı veya sıvı ilaç koymak veya ıslak lens takmak,
9- Gıybet etmek,
10- Rüyada ihtilam olmak,
11- Diş çukuruna ilaç koymak,
12- Çiçek, kolonya veya parfüm koklamak,
13- Morfinsiz, iğnesiz diş çektirmek,
14- Yutmadan yemeğin tadına bakmak,
15- Sakındığı halde toz ve dumanın boğazdan veya burundan içeri girmesi,
16- Diş çektirince gelen tükürükten az kanı yutmak,
17- Ağzını yıkadıktan sonra kalan yaşlığı tükürükle yutmak,
18- Dişler arasında kalan, nohuttan küçük olan şeyi yutmak,
19- Hacamat olmak, kan aldırmak, akupunktur kullanmak,
20- Kulağa su kaçması,
21- Misvak kullanmak, macunsuz diş fırçalamak (Macunlu fırçalamakla da oruç bozulmaz fakat mekruh olur. Macun yutulursa oruç bozulur, kaza gerekir.),
22- Gusletmek, banyo yapmak,
23- İdrar yoluna pamuk koymak (Şâfiî'de bozar.),
24- Sağlam deriye ilaç, krem sürmek, her çeşit yakı, sigara bandı, tokluk bandı koymak,
25- Yaraya imsak vaktinden önce konan sıvı ilacın, imsak vaktinden sonra emilmesi,
26- Yaradan çıkan kan, irin ve benzerlerinin tekrar içeri girmesi,
27- Arı sokması,
28- Dudaktaki yaşlığı yutmak,
29- Banyoda oluşan su buharını teneffüs etmek,
30- Ele iğne batıp kırığının içinde kalması,
31- Kulağa pamuklu çubuk sokmak (Şâfiî'de bozar.),
32- Kanayan yere, kanın durması için kan taşı sürmek,
33- Ağza gelen yemeği, balgamı, kusmuğu veya baştan buruna gelen akıntıyı yutmak,
34- Bel soğukluğu hastalığından dolayı akıntı gelmesi,
35- Evi haşere için ilaçlayan, ister istemez ilacı teneffüs etse de orucu bozulmuş olmaz; çünkü sakınmak zordur,
36- Kulağa sabunlu su kaçırması,
37- Ağza su alıp çalkalamak veya ağzı yıkadıktan sonra ağızda kalan yaşlığı tükürükle yutmak,
38- Hanımını öpenin orucu, meni gelse de bozulmaz. Öperken şehvetlenip cünüp olursa bozulur (Cünüp olma ihtimali varsa, hanımını öpmesi mekruh olur. Orucu bozacak derecede çok öperse haram işlemiş olur. Çünkü orucu mazeretsiz bozmak haramdır. Ama öperek cünüp olunca kaza gerekir, kefaret gerekmez.),
39- Akupunktur kullanmak orucu bozmaz. Akupunkturun sadece iğnesi giriyor, vücudun içine bir şey zerk edilmiyor,
40- Çatlak dudağa veya eldeki yarığa krem, tentürdiyot, kolonya veya oksijenli su sürmek (Açık yaraya sürülen merhemin, içeri sızdığı iyi bilinmedikçe orucu bozmadığı, S. Ebediyye'de bildirilmektedir. İyi bilmek, zanla olmaz. Kesin bilmek gerekir. Kesin bilinmeyince bozar denilemez.),
41- İğneli epilasyon yaptırmak orucu bozmaz. İçeriye ilaç gibi bir şey girmedikçe, vücuda iğne batırmak orucu bozmaz. İğneli epilasyonda içeriye ilaç girmiyor. Sadece iğne, kıl folikülüne sokularak akım veriliyor,
42- Kaş, bıyık aldırmak, etek tıraşı olmak ve epilasyon orucu bozmaz,
43- Oruçlunun ağzına gözyaşı veya ter girerse, bir iki damla gibi azsa, orucunu bozmaz, çünkü bundan korunmak zordur. Çok olur da tuzluluğunu ağzının her yerinde duyar ve yutarsa orucu bozulur. Yutmayıp tükürürse bozulmaz.
ANJİYO YAPILMASI ORUCU BOZAR MI?
Halk arasında anjiyo (anjiyografi) olarak bilinen operasyon, teşhise veya tedaviye yönelik olarak uygulanmaktadır. Anjiyografi, vücut damarlarının görüntülenmesi demektir. Damar içine, damarların görünür hâle gelmesini sağlayan ve kontrast madde olarak tanımlanan ilaç verilerek, anjiyogram adı verilen filmler elde edilir. Anjiyografi sayesinde organları besleyen damarlar görüntülenerek damar hastalıkları veya bu damarlardan beslenen organlara ait tanı koydurucu bilgiler edinilir. Tedaviye yönelik olarak uygulanan anjiyonun klasik yöntemi, anjiyoplastidir. Bu ise, dar veya tam tıkalı damarların balon ya da stent denilen özel araçlarla tekrar açılması için yapılır. Bu bilgiler ışığında gerek anjiyografi, gerekse anjiyoplasti operasyonlarında yemek ve içmek anlamı bulunmadığından, oruç bozulmaz.
BİYOPSİ YAPTIRMAK ORUCU BOZAR MI?
Tahlil amacıyla vücudun herhangi bir organından parça alınması (biyopsi), orucu bozmaz.
MERHEM VEYA İLAÇLI BANT KULLANMAK ORUCU BOZAR MI?
Deri üzerindeki gözenekler ve deri altındaki kılcal damarlar yoluyla vücuda sürülen yağ, merhem ve benzeri şeyler emilerek kana karışmaktadır. Ancak cildin bu emişi, çok az ve yavaş olmaktadır. Diğer taraftan bu yeme içme anlamına da gelmemektedir. Bu itibarla, deri üzerine sürülen merhem, yapıştırılan ilaçlı bantlar orucu bozmaz.
ORUÇLUYKEN MORFİNLİ DİŞ TEDAVİSİ ORUCU BOZAR MI?
Oruçlu bir kimsenin morfinli veya morfinsiz olarak dişlerini tedavi ettirmesi veya çektirmesi orucu bozmaz. Ancak tedavi esnasında, kan veya tedavide kullanılan maddelerden herhangi bir şeyin yutulması orucu bozar.
İMSAKTAN SONRA ADETİ BİTEN KADIN ORUÇ TUTABİLİR Mİ?
İmsak vaktinden sonra âdet hali sona eren bir kadın, o gün hiçbir şey yiyip içmemiş olsa bile, oruç tutmuş sayılmaz.