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Türkiye günlerdir peş peşe çıkan orman yangınları ile mücadele ederken, sosyal medyada da algı operasyonları yapıldı. Özellikle sosyal medyada sahte hesaplar üzerinden provokatif paylaşımlarla sistemli dezenformasyon yapılırken, "Türkiye'yi aciz gösterme" operasyonu devreye sokuldu. Sosyal medya ağ analizleri ile tanınan akademisyen Dr. Marc Owen Jones , orman yangınlarıyla mücadele için Türkiye'ye uluslararası yardım çağrısı yapılan "Help Turkey" etiketiyle başlatılan dezenformasyon amaçlı kampanyaya ilişkin önemli bir dijital analiz yayınladı.
Marc Owen Jones , Twitter 'da 1-2 Ağustos arasında sosyal medya gündeminde yer alan "Help Turkey" etiketinin 160 bin etkileşim ve 46 bin hesabı kapsayan analizini içeren bir Tweet serisi paylaştı. Jones, bu kampanyanın amacını "dezenformasyon" olarak tanımladı.
İŞİN İÇİNDE FETÖ DE VAR Jones, "Help Turkey " kampanyasının Türkiye 'yi zayıf, yetersiz ve çaresiz gösteren bir çerçevede tasarlandığını, kampanyanın büyüklüğü de dikkate alındığında bunun bir etki/algı operasyonunu akla getirdiğini söyledi. Jones, FETÖ 'cü isimlerin bu etiketle yaptıkları Türkiye karşıtı paylaşımları da örnek olarak gösterdi. OPERASYONDAN SONRA PAYLAŞIMLARI SİLDİLER "Help Turkey" kampanyasında çok açık manipülasyon izlerine rastlandığına işaret eden Jones, konu hakkında en çok Tweet atan hesaplarda dikkat çekici anormallikler tespit etti. Jones, bir örnek olarak, bu etiket altında en çok etkileşim gösteren ve sadece 2 takipçisi olan @ege20281770 hesabının 2 Ağustos'ta açıldığını, normalde birçok Tweet bulunması gereken hesapta şu anda hiçbir Tweet bulunmadığını, çünkü algı operasyonu için etikete yazdıktan sonra tespit edilmeyi önlemek için hesap sahibinin tweetleri sildiğini belirtti. ALDATMACA İÇİN KULLANICI İSİMLERİNİ DEĞİŞTİRDİLER Jones, araştırmasında etiketle ilgili en aktif kullanıcılardan olan ve yoğun paylaşımlar yapan 15 bin takipçili @Badboy2147 hesabında da sıra dışı bir durum tespit etti. Algı operasyonunun ardından bu hesabın kullanıcı adı @Badboy353435 olarak değiştirilmişti. Dahası, "Help Turkey" ile ilgili tweetleri de silinmişti. Jones bu hareketi "aldatmaca" olarak tanımladı.
Jones, yaklaşık 7.400 hesaptan oluşan şüpheli grubun çoğunun aynı şekilde kullanıcı isimlerini ve uzantılarını değiştirdiğinin veya hesabını tamamen sildiğinin görüldüğünü belirtti. KÖRFEZ ÜLKELERİNE İŞARET ETTİ Daha fazla kullanıcının bu yöntemleri kullanarak gönderilerini ve hesaplarını silmiş olabileceğini belirten Jones, benzer yöntemlerin başta Körfez ülkeleri olmak üzere kullanıldığının bilindiğini ifade etti. "KİM BU İNSANLARA AYNI İÇERİĞİ KOPYALAYIP PAYLAŞMASINI SÖYLEDİ?" "Help Turkey " etiketi altında paylaşımlarda bu tür algı kampanyalarında görüldüğü gibi "kopyala-yapıştır" taktiğinin de kullanıldığını belirten Jones, binlerce hesabın İngilizce hazırlanmış bir Tweet'i etiket altında herhangi bir değişiklik ya da retweet yapmadan kopya bir şekilde paylaştığına işaret etti.
Jones, "Kim bu insanlara mesajı retweet etmek yerine aynı İngilizce içeriği kopyalayıp paylaşmasını söyledi? Bunun tamamen insanların hep birden bilerek yaptığı bir şey olması mümkün mü?" diye sordu.
ZAMANLAMASI DA MANİDAR Tweetlerin zamanlamasına da dikkat çeken Jones, etikete yönelik etkileşimlerin Türkiye saatiyle 00.16 gibi oldukça geç bir saatte zirveye ulaştığını kaydederek bu durumun anormalliğine vurgu yaptı.
KAMPANYAYI SAHTE PAYLAŞIMLARLA TAŞIDILAR Etkileşim yoğunluğu yüksek olan hesapların arasında oldukça fazla Kore pop (K-Pop) müziği fan hesabının bulunduğunu belirten Jones, "Görünüşteki birçok garipliğin yanı sıra, manipüle edilen trendlere benzer şekilde birçok BTS ve K-Pop fanları bu mesajı retweet ediyordu. Bu mesajı gerçekten retweet eden yaklaşık 200 kişi saydım. K-Pop'un popülerliğine rağmen bunların çoğunun orijinal olduğunu sanmıyorum" değerlendirmesinde bulundu.
"BU KAMPANYA MANİPÜLASYON DOLU" Jones, "Özetle, "#HelpTurkey kampanyası manipülasyon dolu. Gerçek kişiler ve ünlülerin sayıyı yükseltmesine ek olarak, yapay olarak da binlerce sahte sosyal medya hesabı tarafından manipüle ediliyor" dedi.
"HELP TURKEY" BİR MANİPÜLASYON KAMPANYASI ÖRNEĞİ Konuyla ilgili soruları yanıtlayan Jones, "Help Turkey" etiketiyle yapılan paylaşımların "manipülasyon" kategorisinde değerlendirilmesi gerektiğini belirterek, "Bu türden kampanyalarda etiketlerde birden çok şey bir arada bulunur. Gerçek, meşru kullanıcılar vardır, bu etiketleri teşvik eden ve yayan influencer'lar vardır ve özellikle bu örnekte gördüğümüz gibi manipülasyon vardır. Tek bir kişinin veya merkezin yönettiği çok sayıda bot ve sahte hesap etkileşimi arttırmaya ve etiketi trendler içine sokmaya çalışır. Mümkün olduğunca çok paylaşım yaparak etiketi Trend Topic (TT) haline getirmeye çalışırlar. 'Help Turkey' etiketinde bu manipülasyonun varlığını tespit edebiliyoruz." ifadelerini kullandı.
Jones, böyle bir manipülasyonu kimin, neden yapmış olabileceği sorusuna, "Bunun manipülasyon olduğunu biliyoruz ama neden başladığını bilmiyoruz. Bu yöntemin zaman zaman reklam ve pazarlama amacıyla kullanıldığını biliyoruz. Ama burada amacın bu olduğunu söylemek mümkün değil. Bu sistematik manipülasyonun arkasında kimin olduğu belli değil. Genelde kişiler ve organizasyonlar bu türden operasyonları o ülkelerdeki hükümetleri zor duruma sokmak için yaparlar. Bunları yapan organizasyonların çok sayıda adı olabilir; PR ajansı, reklam ajansı vs. ama asıl amaçları budur; hükümeti zayıf göstermek." değerlendirmesinde bulundu.
"İNSANLARI ÖFKEYE, ENDİŞEYE VE PANİĞE SÜRÜKLEMEK İSTİYORLAR" Bu türden siber saldırıların insanların bilgiye erişimini engellemeyi ve algısını etkilemeyi amaçladığını vurgulayan Jones, "Bu manipülasyonu yapanlar, 'Help Turkey' etiketine tıklayan insanları öfkeye, endişeye ve paniğe sürüklemek istiyorlar. Onları mevcut hükümetin işlevini yerine getiremediğine ikna etmeye çalışıyorlar. Saldırının amacı bu. Bu türden bir operasyonu yürütmek son derece geniş ve maliyetli bir çaba, bunu yalnızca paylaşımların sayısında gözlemlemek mümkün." şeklinde konuştu.
GENÇLER KAYNAĞINI BİLMEDİKLERİ İÇERİKLERİ PAYLAŞMAMALI Jones, sosyal medya kullanıcılarının bu türden sistematik saldırılara karşı korunmak için kaynağını bilmedikleri içerikleri paylaşmaktan kaçınmaları gerektiğini vurgulayarak, "Genç kullanıcılar kendilerini sosyal medya manipülasyonuna karşı eğitmeli. Kim olduklarını bilmedikleri, daha önce paylaşımlarını görmedikleri kaynakların içeriklerini paylaşmaktan kaçınmalı." ifadelerini kullandı.