Rus doğal gazına olan bağımlılığını azaltmak isteyen Avrupa Birliği (AB) enerjide alternatif planlar ve rotalar üzerine yoğunlaştı.
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Rus doğal gazına olan bağımlılığını azaltmak isteyen Avrupa Birliği (AB) enerjide alternatif planlar ve rotalar üzerine yoğunlaştı.
URSULA VON DER LEYEN BAKÜ'YE GİTTİ
AB, enerji kaynaklarını çeşitlendirmek amacıyla Azerbaycan ve Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri (BAE) ile görüşmelerini hızlandırdı. Azerbaycan'dan yapılan doğal gaz ithalatını arrtırmayı hedefleyen Avrupa Komisyonu Başkanı Ursula von der Leyen, bugün başkent Bakü'ye gitti. Euronews Türkçe'de yer alan habere göre Avrupa Komisyonu tarafından hazırlanan bir belgede Bakü ile AB arasında teklif edilen anlaşma ile Güney Gaz Koridoru üzerinden birliğe gönderilecek olan doğal gaz akışının arttırılacağı ifade edildi.
AZERBAYCAN'DAN AVRUPA'YA GAZ 20 MİLYAR METREKÜPE ÇIKACAK
Belgede "Taraflar, ticari uygunluk ve piyasa talebi doğrultusunda, Güney Gaz Koridoru aracılığıyla 2027'ye kadar yıllık olarak en az 20 milyar metreküp gaz ile Avrupa Birliği'ne olan ihracat da dahil, ikili doğal gaz ticaretini desteklemek arzusundadır" denildi.
AZERBAYCAN GEÇEN YIL AB'YE 8 MİLYAR METREKÜP GAZ NAKLETTİ
Komisyonun sosyal medya paylaşımında ise "Rusya'nın enerji tedariğini silah olarak kullanmaya devam ederken, AB'nin enerji ithalatını çeşitlendirmesi bir önceliktir" ifadeleri kullanıldı ve Başkan Von der Leyen ile Enerjiden sorumlu komiser Kadri Simson'ın ilişkileri güçlendirmek amacıyla Azerbaycan'da olacağını belirtti. Geçen yıl Güney Gaz Koridoru'ndan AB'ye 8 milyar metreküp doğal gaz nakledildi. Yeni teklif edilen artış, Azerbaycan'ın iç doğal gaz üretimini arttırmasını gerektiriyor.
TÜRKİYE'NİN ÖNEMİ
Azerbaycan'dan AB'ye doğal gaz akışında Türkiye'nin kritik payı bir kez daha ortaya çıktı. Azerbaycan'dan AB'ye giden Güney Gaz Koridoru'nun Türkiye topraklarından geçmesi Avrupa'nın enerji krizinde Türkiye'nin ne kadar büyük bir öneme sahip olduğunu bir kez daha sergiliyor.
Azerbaycan'dan Avrupa'ya gaz taşıyan Trans Anadolu Doğal Gaz Boru Hattı (TANAP) ile Türkiye, AB için kilit bir rol mü oynuyor? Yaşanan gaz krizinin Türkiye'ye etkileri ne olur? Avrupa için tehlike çanları çalıyor mu? Merak edilen bu soruları Kocaeli Üniversitesi Dr. Öğretim Üyesi Yunus Furuncu cevapladı.
AVRUPA, KENDİSİNİ OLUMSUZ SENARYOYA HAZIRLAMAYADI
Almanya'nın kömür ve nükleer santrallerini kapattığını Avrupa'nın diğer ülkelerinin ise enerji santrallerinin ömürlerini uzatmaya çalıştığını belirten Furuncu Türkiye'de ise durumun bunun tam tersi olduğunun altını çizen Furuncu, Rusya ile Türkiye arasında 2015 yılında yaşanan uçak krizini örnek verdi. Furuncu, "Türkiye krizden sonra Rusya'ya bağımlılığını çok hızlı bir biçimde düşürdü. İlk olarak Azerbaycan'dan gelen doğal gaz alımını artırdı. Sıvılaştırılmış doğal gaz (LNG) aldığı ülkeleri çeşitlendirdi. Türkiye'nin bu anlamda eli oldukça güçlü. Tükettiği doğal gazın yüzde 60'ından fazlasını gemileriyle tedarik edebiliyor. Avrupa ise bu olumsuz senaryoya kendisini hazırlayamadı. Avrupa ülkeleri birlikte karar alamıyorlar ve nötr kalıyorlar" değerlendirmesinde bulundu.
BERAT ALBAYRAK DÖNEMİNİN ESERİ: SORUN YAŞANMAYACAK
Enerji tedarik hususunda bir sıkıntı olmadığının altını çizen Furuncu, maliyetlerden de bahsetti. Furuncu, "AB'deki gaz krizi, Rusya'nın izole edilmeye çalışması enerji sektöründe krize neden oluyor. Ülkeler fiyatları ister istermez artırmak zorunda kalıyor. Her ne kadar devletimiz ödemelerin yüzde 75'ini üstüne alsa da, bu maliyet krizi hepimizi etkiliyor. Türkiye, enerji tedarik noktasında bir kriz yaşamayacak. Bu da Berat Albayrak döneminde alınan stratejik kararlarla mümkün oldu. Ancak arz ve talepten dolayı oluşan kriz, maliyetleri ister istemez artıracak" dedi.
TÜRKİYE'YE İHTİYAÇ DUYUYORLAR
Son olarak da TANAP projesinden bahseden Furuncu şu ifadelere yer verdi: "Avrupa ile Azerbaycan yetkilileri, bir toplantı yaptı. Enerji aldığınız ülkeleri çeşitlendirmek gerekiyor. Bu güzergah Avrupa açısından çok çok önemli. Bununla ilgili projelendirme aşamaları başlıyor. Savaşın bazı fırsatları olabiliyor. Onlardan biri de Orta Asya'daki Türk cumhuriyetlerinin gazı için Türkiye'ye ihtiyaç duyulması. Bu rota netleşecek ve elbette bu durum Türkiye için büyük bir fırsat."
MACRON DA BAE İLE GÖRÜŞECEK
Bloomberg'in haberine göre ise Fransa Cumurbaşkanı Macron önümüzdeki hafta Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri (BAE) Başkanıyla petrol ve dizel tedarikini görüşecek. Kritik görüşmenin Paris'te gerçekleşeceği aktarıldı.
ALMANYA BAŞBAKANI'NDAN TASARRUF ÇAĞRISI
Almanya Başbakanı Olaf Scholz, Frankfurter Allgemeine gazetesi için kaleme aldığı makalede Rusya Ukrayna savaşı sonrası yaşanan enerji krizini ele aldı. Alman halkına da seslenerek "Önümüzdeki aylarda hepimiz; sanayi, haneler, kasabalar ve topluluklar ne kadar çok enerji tasarrufu yaparsak o kadar iyi." çağrısında bulundu.
ŞİRKETLER KESİNTİYE HAZIRLANIYOR
Ülkede gaz fiyatlarının 2-3 katına çıkmasının beklendiği, devletin maliyet artışını tam anlamıyla karşılayamayacağı, bunun sonucunda da Alman vatandaşların pahalılıkla karşılaşacağı kaydedildi. "Almanya doğalgaz sıkıntısı çekiyor." diyen ARD televizyonu, ülkedeki şirketlerin gaz tedarikiyle ilgili kesintiye hazırlandığını duyurdu.
"ŞİRKETLERİN YARISINDA ÜRETİM DURMA NOKTASINA GELİR"
Alman alüminyum endüstrisindeki 10 şirketten 9'unun, kısa vadede başka bir enerji kaynağına geçemeyeceği belirtiliyor. Haberde, "Gaz arzı yüzde 30'a kadar kesilirse, şirketlerin yarısında üretim durma noktasına gelir." denildi.
ALTERNATİF ISITICILAR GÜNDEMDE
Die Welt'te yer alan haberde de "gaz krizi, kış mevsiminin soğuğu ve maliyet şokunun" Almanları şimdiden yeni arayışlara ittiğine vurgu yapıldı. Birçok Alman vatandaşının fanlı ısıtıcılar, radyant ısıtıcılar ya da yağlı radyatörlerden satın aldığı ifade edildi.
"ALMANLAR ŞİMDİDEN KARA KIŞI DÜŞÜNÜYOR"
Haberde, "Dışarısı 30 derece ama Almanlar şimdiden kara kışı düşünüyor." ifadesi kullanıldı. Artan enerji maliyetleri ve kış mevsimi için daha fazla endişe duyulduğu, bu yüzden ısıtma alternatifleriyle ilgili araştırmalar yapıldığı bilgisi paylaşıldı.
TANAP'IN ÖNEMİ
Avrupa'nın Türkiye üzerinden aktarılacak gaza muhtaç olması TANAP'ın önemini de gözler önüne serdi.
Rusya'ya bağımlılığını azaltmak adına birçok alternatif plan üzerinde duran Avrupa ülkeleri için en cazip rota, Hazar Denizi'nden Türkiye'ye uzanan TANAP'ı Avrupa'ya bağlayan TAP projesi olarak görülüyor. Yılda ortalama 10,5 milyar metreküp gazın taşındığı TAP projesinde yıllık gaz tedariki 20 milyar metreküpe çıkarılabilir. Avrupa'nın planları arasında, Doğu Akdeniz gazının Türkiye üzerinden Avrupa'ya aktarılması da yer alıyor.
EN CAZİP ÇÖZÜM TANAP VE TAP
Avrupa Politika Merkezi Analisti Marco Giuli ise geçtiğimiz aylarda yaptığı açıklamada olası tedarik kısıntıları halinde Avrupa'nın, mevcut imkanlarıyla bir süre daha tüketimi karşılamayı başaracağını söyledi. Gelecek kış mevsiminin Rus gazı kullanılmadan atlatılabilmesinin çok zor olduğunu ifade eden Giuli, "Arz mekanizmasından 150 milyar metreküplük bir miktarın çıkarılmasının fiyatlar üzerinde ciddi etkileri olacaktır" diye konuştu. Giuli, boru hatları ile tedarik bakımından, uzun vadede en iyi seçeneğin TAP'ın genişletilmesi olduğunu belirtti.
TANAP'TAN BUGÜNE KADAR 29,7 MİLYAR METREKÜP GAZ AKIŞI GERÇEKLEŞTİ
Boru Hatları ile Petrol Taşıma AŞ (BOTAŞ), Trans Anadolu Doğalgaz Boru Hattı'ndan (TANAP) sağlanan doğal gaz akış miktarının, Trans Adriyatik Boru Hattı (TAP) dahil 29,7 milyar metreküpe ulaştığını bildirdi.