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Ölçme, Değerlendirme ve Sınav Hizmetleri Genel Müdürü Kemal Bülbül, velilerin çocuklarının sınav başarısı için sürekli soru çözme ve deneme sınavına girmesi gerektiğini düşündüğünü, bunun da çok sağlıklı olmadığını belirtirken, sınavlara hazırlık ve sınav başarısı için öğrencilere test çözdürmek yerine öğrencilerin muhakeme ve akıl yürütme becerilerinin geliştirilmesi gerektiğine dikkat çekti.
DETAYLAR BELLİ OLDU
Yeni süreçle okul larda "durum değerlendirmesi" çok duyulan bir kavram haline gelecek ve Milli Eğitim Bakanlığının bu hedefle hazırladığı ölçme araçları öğretmenlerin kullanımına sunulacak.
Ölçme, Değerlendirme ve Sınav Hizmetleri Genel Müdürü Kemal Bülbül, ilkokullardaki ölçme değerlendirme uygulamalarındaki yeniliklere ilişkin AA muhabirine açıklama yaptı.
Bülbül, okullarda sonuç odaklı ölçme sisteminden süreç odaklı ölçme sistemine geçiş çalışmasını içeren yeni düzenlemenin, anaokul ve ilkokul düzeyindeki öğrencilerin öğrenme süreçlerinin değerlendirilmesine yeni bakış açısı getireceğini söyledi.
Öğretmenlerin ders etkinlikleri sırasında sürekli ölçme faaliyeti yürüttüğüne işaret eden Bülbül, şunları kaydetti:
"Öğrencilerin verilen yönergeleri anlaması, doğru adımlar atması ve istenileni ortaya koyması, öğretmenin de anında geri bildirim vermesi, aslında sınıf içi ölçmenin tam ifadesi. Yeni yaklaşımımızda, bunun planlı şekilde yapılmasını ve öğrencinin ürünlerinin gelişim dosyasında tutulmasını hedefliyoruz. Bu yaklaşımla yönetmelikle ilkokul 4. sınıflarda yazılı saati uygulaması kaldırıldı. Bunun yerine ilkokullarda tüm sınıf kademelerinde ölçme sistemi, süreç odaklı öğrenme yaklaşımıyla öğrenci gelişim dosyasına göre olacak. Okul öncesi ve ilkokul 1, 2, 3 ve 4'üncü sınıflarda öğrencilerin akademik ve sosyal gelişimi sürekli takip edilecek. Öğrencilerin gelişim düzeyleri, öğretmen rehberliğinde gerçekleştirilen bireysel ve grupla yapılan etkinliklere katılım gözlem formları, oyun temelli değerlendirmeler ve verilen görevleri yerine getirme gibi ölçme araçlarıyla takip edilecek."
"DURUM DEĞERLENDİRMESİ" DAHA ANLAMLI
Bülbül, bu yeni bakış açısıyla okul larda artık "durum değerlendirmesi" ifadesinin çok duyulacağını aktardı.
Öğrencinin bulunduğu noktayla geldiği nokta arasındaki gelişim seviyesini belirlemenin, ölçmenin temel amacı olduğunu vurgulayan Bülbül, "Okullarımızda öğretmenlerimiz çok güzel çalışmalar yapıyor. Ancak değerlendirme bir sınava göre yapılırsa sonuç istenildiği gibi çıkmayabiliyor. Önemli olan süreç içerisinde neler yapıldığı ve öğrencideki gelişimin ne düzeyde olduğunun belirlenebilmesidir. Buna biz 'durum değerlendirmesi' diyoruz ve bunu ölçmek, bizim için daha anlamlı." d edi.
TÜRKÇEDE 4 BECERİYİ ÖLÇEN ÖLÇME ARAÇLARI GELİYOR
Genel Müdür Bülbül, ilkokul larda özellikle Türkçenin doğru ve etkin kullanımıyla ilgili 4 beceriye yönelik özel ölçme araçları kullanılacağını bildirdi.
Böylece Türkçe öğretimine ağırlık vereceklerini belirten Kemal Bülbül, şöyle devam etti:
"Okullarda ilkokul 2. sınıfa kadar test çözme alışkanlığı oluşmuştu. Ama asıl olan, öğrencilerin düşünme becerisinin gelişmesi, düşündüğünü yazması, muhakeme yeteneklerinin geliştirilmesi. Dört beceri içerisinde yazma becerisinin geliştirilmesi çok önemli. Bu konuda Bakanlığımız 2016 yılında 'Yazılı Anlatım Becerilerinin Geliştirilmesi' çalışmasını başlattı. Bu yönde hazırladığımız ölçme araçlarını öğretmenlerimizin kullanıma sunacağız ve bu test çözmekten çok daha kıymetli bir çalışma olacak. Öğrencilerimizin yazılı anlatım becerilerinin yanı sıra dinleme ve konuşma becerisinin de geliştirilmesi gerekir. Ortaokul ve liselerde olduğu gibi ilkokulda da öğretmenlerimiz, öğrencilerinin bu becerilerini geliştirmede önemli bir rol üstlenecek ve Bakanlık olarak da bunu sürekli takip edeceğiz."
"SÜREKLI SORU ÇÖZMEK DEĞİL, OKUDUĞUNU ANLAMAK ÖNEMLİ"
Ölçme, Değerlendirme ve Sınav Hizmetleri Genel Müdürü Kemal Bülbül, velilerin çocuklarının sınav başarısı için sürekli soru çözme ve deneme sınavına girmesi gerektiğini düşündüğünü, bunun da çok sağlıklı olmadığını söyledi.
Sınavlara hazırlık ve sınav başarısı için öğrencilere test çözdürmek yerine öğrencilerin muhakeme ve akıl yürütme becerilerinin geliştirilmesi gerektiğine işaret eden Bülbül, "Eğer öğrenci okuduğunu anlıyorsa ve verilenleri kullanarak sorunun çözümüne ulaşabiliyorsa sınavda başarı göstermesi kaçınılmaz." dedi.
Öğretmenlerin de klasik ölçme alışkanlıklarını kolay terk edemeyeceğini, ama sonuç odaklı ölçmenin kendilerini de rahatsız ettiğini bildiklerini söyleyen Bülbül, "Alışkanlıklardan vazgeçmek kolay değil, ama hepimiz hemfikiriz, öğrencilerimizin ders kitaplarını takip etmeleri, derse aktif katılım sağlamaları ve soruların cevaplarını seçme yerine kendi düşüncelerini yazmaları onların daha da başarılı olmalarını sağlayacak." diye konuştu.
Bakanlık olarak, süreç odaklı ölçme değerlendirmeye yönelik öğretmenlere destek olmak için "ölçme araçları" yayınlamaya başlayacaklarını bildiren Bülbül, öğretmenin öğrettiğini nasıl ölçeceğine ilişkin örnek materyalleri sürekli olarak EBA üzerinden yayınlayacaklarını bildirdi.
Genel Müdür Kemal Bülbül, sözlerini, "İlköğretim ya da ortaöğretim fark etmez, tüm ölçme çalışmalarında öğrencileri ve okulları sıralamak ya da karşılaştırmak fayda sağlayan bir çalışma değil. Unutulmamalı ki bir yerde birinci varsa orada sonuncu da vardır. Önemli olan, süreçte kimlerin ne düzeyde katkı sağladığı ve başlangıçtan sonuca kadar ne kadar fayda elde edildiğidir." değerlendirmesinde bulundu.