Türkiye pandemi sürecinde gösterdiği başarılı ekonomi performansıyla çoğu ülkeden pozitif ayrıştı. Günler geçtikçe açıklanan öncü ve makro veriler Türkiye'nin salgının yarattığı ekonomik sorunları her geçen gün aştığının sinyallerini veriyor.
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Türkiye pandemi sürecinde gösterdiği başarılı ekonomi performansıyla çoğu ülkeden pozitif ayrıştı. Günler geçtikçe açıklanan öncü ve makro veriler Türkiye'nin salgının yarattığı ekonomik sorunları her geçen gün aştığının sinyallerini veriyor.
Tüm bu ekonomik performansını Türkiye, tarihinin en büyük doğal keşfiyle taçlandırdı. 320 milyar metreküp ve yaklaşık 70 milyar dolar değerindeki gaz, uzmanlar tarafından yeni keşiflerin başlangıcı olarak ifade edildi.
DAHA ÖNCE DE MOODY'S'İ KULLANDILAR
Tüm bu gelişmelere rağmen Türkiye'nin dünyadan pozitif ayrışan bu yapısını gölgelemek isteyen lobi önce piyasalar üzerinden manipülasyon çabasına girişti. Burada başarısız olan lobi, daha önce de Türkiye konusunda objektiflikten uzak yayınlamış olduğu analizlerle dikkat çeken Moody's'i kullanma yoluna gitti. Kredi derecelendirme kuruluşu Moody's, Türkiye'nin kredi notunu "B1"den "B2"ye düşürdü ve not görünümünü "negatif" olarak olarak belirledi. Notun düşürülmesinde ise üç neden öne süren Moody's, bunları Türkiye'nin mali göstergeleri, ödemeler dengesi ve Doğu Akdeniz'deki jeopolitik riskler olarak sıraladı.
TÜRKİYE'NİN KEŞFİNİ ES GEÇTİ: MOODY'S GÜVENİRLİĞİNİ YİTİRDİ
Moody's açıklamasında Türkiye'nin 2020 yılında bütün dünyada şimdiye kadar yapılan en büyük ikinci doğal gaz keşfine yer vermezken, bu keşfin Türkiye ekonomisine olumlu etkilerini de es geçmiş oldu. Moody's bu hareketiyle, kredi derecelendirme konusunda kuruluşun güvenirliğini yitirdiğini yansıttığı ifade ediliyor.
İşte Moody's'in es geçip görmediği 6 Türkiye gerçeği…
1. TÜRKİYE 2020'İN İLK ÇEYREĞİNDE BÜYÜMEDE ZİRVEDE YER ALDI
Türkiye ekonomisi, özellikle Aralık 2019 yılında Çin'in Wuhan eyaletinde başlayan koronavirüs salgının belirsizlikleri artırdığı 2020 yılının ilk çeyreğinde yakaladığı yüzde 4,5'luk pozitif büyümeyle hem AB hem de OECD ülkelerini geride bırakarak en fazla büyüyen ülke oldu. Daha 1. çeyrekte koronavirüs salgını dolayısıyla panik havası içerisine giren birçok ülkede daralmalar görülürken, Türkiye ekonomisi ise üst üste 3 çeyrek pozitif büyüme göstererek diğer ülkelerden pozitif ayrıştı.
2. TÜRKİYE İKİNCİ ÇEYREKTE HEM OECD HEM DE AB'DEN DAHA İYİ PERFORMANS GÖSTERDİ
Dünyanın dev ekonomileri 2. çeyrekte rekor seviyelerde daralırken Türkiye ekonomisi alınan tedbirler ve atılan adımlarla karamsar tabloların aksine dünyanın devlerine nazaran yurt içi piyasalara ümit veren iyi bir sonuç aldı. Ekonomistlerin bütün dünyada koronavirüs pandemisi dolayısıyla en fazla etkilenmesini beklediği 2. çeyreğe ilişkin büyüme verisinde Türkiye'nin 9,9 daraldığı açıklandı.
2. çeyrekte özellikle ABD, yüzde 31,7 İngiltere yüzde 22,8, İspanya yüzde 22,1, Fransa yüzde 19,2, İtalya yüzde 17,3, Portekiz yüzde 16,5 daralma yaşayarak dikkat çekti. Türkiye ise aynı dönemde yüzde 10'un altında daralarak özellikle ortalama yüzde 14,1 daralma yaşayan AB ve ortalama yüzde 10,9 daralma yaşayan OECD'den daha iyi bir performans gösterdi.
3. KEŞİFLER TÜRKİYE'NİN UZUN VADEDE BORÇLANMA İHTİYACINI AZALTACAK
Tarihler 21 Ağustos'u gösterdiğinde, Başkan Erdoğan Karadeniz'de Türkiye'nin 320 milyar metreküp doğal gaz rezervi bulduğunu açıkladı. Erdoğan, "Bu ilk kuyuda bulunan rezerv, çok daha zengin bir kaynağın bir parçasıdır. İnşallah devamı da en kısa sürede gelecek. Hedefimiz, 2023 yılında Karadeniz gazını milletimizin kullanımına sunmaktır" dedi.
Bu doğal gaz keşfinin aynı zaman 2020 yılında bütün dünyada şimdiye kadar yapılan en büyük ikinci keşif olduğu bildirilirken, gazın ekonomik değeri yaklaşık 70 milyar dolar olduğunu açıklandı.
Uzmanlar bu keşifle ve Karadeniz-Akdeniz'de muhtemel diğer keşiflerin Türkiye'nin uzun vadede borçlanma ihtiyacını azaltmasıyla Türk Lirası daha istikrarlı yapıya kavuşacağını ifade etti. Ayrıca, Türkiye'nin yıllık olarak doğal gaz ithalatına ödediği tutarın 10-13 milyar dolar düzeyinde olduğu düşünüldüğünde 320 milyar metreküplük 70 milyar dolar değerindeki doğal gazın cari dengeye önemli ölçüde katkı yapacağını vurgulandı.
4. ÖNCÜ GÖSTERGELER ÜÇÜNCÜ ÇEYREKTE TOPARLANMANIN GÜÇLENECEĞİNE İŞARET EDİYOR
Covid-19 pandemisi dünyanın dev ekonomilerini tarihlerinde emsali görülmemiş bir biçimde daralmaya iterken, Türkiye'de ekonomideki toparlanmanın güçlendiğine ilişkin sinyaller geldi. Türkiye'de ekonominin öncü göstergelerinin başında gelen PMI Temmuz'da 9.5 yılın zirvesine çıktı. İhracatta 2020 rekoru gelirken, konut ve otomobil satışlarındaki rekorlar göze çarptı.
5. BORÇLULUK RAKAMLARI TÜRKİYE'NİN ÇOĞU ÜLKEDEN DAHA İYİ DURUMDA OLDUĞUNU YANSITIYOR
Kişi başına düşen kamu borçluluğu dikkate alındığında, Türkiye'de bu rakam 2.900 dolar civarında görünürken, dünyanın en gelişmiş ekonomileri olarak gösterilen ülkelerde ise bu rakam çok daha yukarılarda seyrediyor. Kişi başına düşen kamu borç stokunun Japonya'da 91.600 dolar, ABD'de 69.600 dolar, İtalya, Fransa, İngiltere gibi AB'nin dev ekonomilerinde 40 bin doların üzerinde olması dikkat çekiyor. Bu bağlamda Türkiye'nin kamu borçluluğu rakamları dünya ortalamasının 3'te 1'i kadar olduğu bildiriliyor.
Dünyada kişi başına düşen hanehalkı borçluluğu incelendiğinde ise gelişmekte olan ülkelerde bu rakamın ortalama 26.680 dolar olduğu görülürken, dünya ortalaması ise 6.271 dolar olarak ifade ediliyor. Türkiye'de ise kişi başına düşen hanehalkı borçluluk düzeyi 1.291 dolar ile hem dünya ortalamasının hem de gelişmekte olan ülkeler düzeyinin oldukça altında yer alıyor.
6. TÜRKİYE KARŞILIKSIZ PARA BASMADAN SÜRECİ BAŞARILI YÖNETTİ
Türkiye'nin önemli ekonomistlerinden Prof. Dr. Kerem Alkin, ABD ve Avrupa Birliği'nin pandemi döneminde karşılıksız çok geniş bir likidite piyasaya verdiğini vurgulayarak, "Türkiye'nin bir çok ülkenin aksine en önemli başarılarından bir tanesi, hem TCMB, hem de BDDK'nın etkin çalışmalarıyla karşılıksız para basmadan bir parasal genişleme, bir likidite oluşturma başarısıdır. Dolayısıyla da karşılıksız para basmadan TCMB'nın varlıklarıyla bilanço imkanlarıyla eldeki tüm imkanları kullanmak suretiyle Türkiye, bir taraftan fiyat istikrarını da bu zor koşullarda yönetmeyi başardı" yorumunu yaptı.