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Mübarek üç aylar, İslam alem inin en değerli ve kutsal vakitlerinden olup, bu ayları Allah'ın isteğini kazanmak ve günahların affedilmesi için ibadetle geçirilmesi çok değerlidir. Allah'ın rahmetinin yer yüzünde olduğu, iman edenlerin tövbelerinin kabul edildiği, günahların affedildiği ve yapılan her ibadetin misliyle sevap olarak işlendiği bu mübarek günleri İslam alimleri her Müslümanın değerlendirmesi gereken fırsat ayları olarak belirtmektedir.
Kuran-ı Kerim, insanoğluna rehber olması için indirilen bir kutsal kitap olmasının dışında her mühlet ve ayetinde Allah'ın ne kadar merhametli olduğu, kullarının her tövbesini kabul edebileceğinden bahsetmektedir. Üç aylar, Allah'ın merhametinin ve rahmetinin kullarının üzerinde olduğuna inanıldığından mümkün mertebe ibadetle geçirilesi tavsiye edilmektedir.
ÜÇ AYLAR NE ZAMAN BAŞLIYOR?
Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı 'nın yayımladığı 2021 dini günler takvimine göre, üç aylar 13 Şubat 2021 Cumartesi günü başlayacak. Receb ayı içerisinde yer alan Regaib Kandil i 18 Şubat Perşembe günü, Miraç Kandili ise 10 Mart Çarşamba günü idrak edilecek.
Şaban ayı 14 Mart 2021 Pazar günü başlayacak. Şaban ayı içerisinde yer alan Berat Kandil i 27 Mart Cumartesi günü dualarla idrak edilecek.
RAMAZAN AYI NE ZAMAN?
Onbir ayın sultanı Ramazan ayı ise 13 Nisan Salı günü idrak edilmeye başlanacak. Kadir Gecesi 8 Mayıs Cumartesi gününe denk geliyor.
ÜÇ AYLARDA YAPILACAK İBADETLER
Üç aylarda, Allah'ın buyruk ve yasaklarına ihtimam göstererek haramdan uzak durmaya dikkat etmek çok kıymetlidir. Kalpten ve Allah isteği için yapılan ibadetlerin kabul olduğu ve yapılan ibadetlerden kat kat fazla sevap kazanıldığı kabul edilir. Namaz kılmak, Kuran-ı Kerim okumak, zikir çekmek, sadaka vermek ve tüm canlılar için güzelliği hoşluğu yaymak, yapılması çok sevap olan ibadetlerdendir. Farz ibadetler dışında Allah isteği için Peygamber Efendimiz in sünnetlerini mekanine getirilmesi üç aylar boyunca yapılması hoş davranışlardandır.
RECEP AYI İBADETLERİ:
Üç ayların başlangıcı olan Recep ayına girerken Peygamber Efendimiz (s.a.s), 'Allahumme barik lena fi recebe ve şa'ban ve belliğna ramazan' – 'Ey Rabbimiz, bize Recep'i ve Şaban'ı mübarek kıl ve bizi Ramazan'a ulaştır.' Duasını etmiştir.
Regaip ve Miraç üzere iki kıymetli hece Recep ayında yer almaktadır. Bu iki geceyi de Allah'ı zikrederek geçirmek çok değerlidir. Regaip kandili, oruç, namaz ve zikirlerle geçirilmesi tavsiye edilir. Miraç kandili ise Recep Ayının 27. Gecesi olup Peygamber Efendimizin miraca çıkarak ümmetine namazı müjdelediği gece olduğundan borç ve beyhude namazlarla geçirilmesi gecenin ehemmiyeti açısından çok değerlidir. Üç aylar boyunca farz namazların cemaatle kılınmasına itina gösterilmelidir. Ayrıyeten Peygamber Efendimiz (s.a.s), Recep ayında istiğğfarı çoğaltarak girilen günahlardan tövbe ederek Allah'a sığınılmasını nasihat eder.
ŞABAN AYI İBADETLERİ:
Şaban ayı da en az Recep ayı kadar mübarek kabul edilen ve Recep ayı üzere çeşitli dini ibadetlerle geçirilmesi tavsiye edilmektedir. Peygamber Efendimiz (s.a.s)'in naklettiğine nazaran 'Recep Allah'ın ayıdır, Şaban benim ayıdır, Ramazan ise ümmetin ayıdır' halinde buyurmuştur. Bundan ötürü Peygamber Efendimiz (s.a.s), Şaban ayı boyunca oruç tutarak Allah'a ibadetlerini aksatmamıştır. Şaban ayında din alimlerince yapılması tavsiye edilen ibadetler şöyledir:
– Namaz Kılmak: 5 vakit farz namazın kılınması dışında bu mübarek günlerde Allah'ın rahmeti ve merhametine sığınarak O'nun isteğini kazanmak için beyhude namazların kılınması tavsiye edilmektedir. Gece yarısından sonra kalkıp kılınan teheccüt namazı, öğle namazından yaklaşık olarak 2 saat evvel olan kuşluk namazı, akşam namazının çabucak akabinde kılınan evvabin namazları bulunmaktadır. Gün içerisinde en azından bu namazları kılarak Allah'ın isteği kazanılmaya çalışılmalıdır.
– Kuran-ı Kerim Okumak: Üç aylarda bol bol Kuran-ı Kerim okuyarak Allah (c.c)'ın kullarına ne anlatmak istediğini anlamaya çalışarak O'nun istediği bir kul olmaya çalışmak, o'nun isteğini kazanmaya çalışmak çok kıymetlidir. Kılınan namazlardan sonra Kuran-ı Kerim'de nakledilen öğütleri dikkate alarak Allah'ın istediği halde bir Müslüman olunmasına dikkat edilmelidir.
– Tövbe İstiğfar Çekmek: Ramazan ayının rızkından ve açılan tövbe kapılarından istifade edebilmek için bol bol tövbe edip Allah'ta af dilenmesi gerekmektedir. Allah'ın hoşnut olduğu işleri yapamaya itina göstererek isteğini kazanmaya çalışılmalıdır. Bunun için çekilmesi gereken tespihler şöyledir:
1- Sübhanallah
2- Elhamdülillah
3- La ilahe illallah
4- Allahu Ekber
5- Sübhanallahi ve bihamdihi sübhanallahi'l azim.
6- La havle ve la kuvvete illa billah.
7- Sübhanallahi velhamdülillahi vela ilahe illallahü vallahü ekber
Zikir ve teşbih çekmek Allah'ın varlığını, birliğini ve büyüklüğünü tekrara tekrar yinelediği için sıklıkla çekilmesi çok sevaptır.
– Oruç Tutmak: Peygamber Efendimiz (s.a.s)'in çoğunlukla oruç tuttuğu Şaban ayında, ümmetinin de oruç tutmasını tavsiye etmektedir. Bu değerli günlerden istifade etmek için bol bol ibadet yapılması ve boş geçirilmemesi konusunda başta Hz. Muhammed (s.a.s) olmak üzere çeşitli din alimleri tavsiye etmektedir. Şaban ayında yer alan en değerli gecelerden biri olan Berat gecesinin gündüzünde oruç tutmak ve Şaban ayının son pazartesi günü oruç tutmak çok değerlidir. Bundan ötürü imkanı olanların hiç değilse bu iki günde oruç tutmaları nasihat edilmektedir.
RAMAZAN AYI İBADETLERİ:
İslam'ın 5 kuralından biri olan Ramazan ayında oruç tutmak tüm Müslümanların üzerine görev dini bir misyondur. Oruç, nefsin terbiye edilmesi ve günahlardan uzak durmak için yapılan bir ibadettir. Orucun en kıymetli manalarından biri de Allah'a karşı kul olduğumuzu hatırlamak, yokluk içinde olan insanların durumlarının farkında varabilmektir. İnanan kimselerin Ramazan ayını Allah'a ibadetle geçirmelerine dikkat edilir. İslam alimlerine nazaran Ramazan ayında yapılması tavsiye edilen dualar ve ibadetler bulunmaktadır. Kuran-ı Kerim'in hatmedilmesi, farz namaz ları dışında teravih üzere beyhude namazların kılınması, günahların affı için tövbe edilmesi, Allah'ın merhametine ve büyüklüğüne sığınarak, kalben inanarak dua edilmesi ve maddi durumu müsait olanların rızkını fakir kimselerle paylaşması Ramazan ayında yapılması en hoş ibadetlerdendir.
ÜÇ AYLARIN ÖNEMİ NEDİR?
Üç aylar, Rahmân olan Allah'ın rahmetinin sağnak sağnak yağdığı aylardır.
Diğer vakitlerde ibadât-u taate on sevap veriliyorsa, Receb, Şaban ve Ramazan aylarında ihlâs ve samimiyete bağlı olarak kat kat daha fazla sevap verilir.
Üç aylar, yılda bir defa gelen ve ahiret ticaretinin yapıldığı mümtaz aylardır. Bereket ve feyzinden İstifade etmesini bilenler, bu aylardan büyük kazançlar elde ederler. Bu bakımdan üç ayların kıymeti pek büyüktür. Ahiret sermayesinin artmasına vesile olan kudsî aylardır.
Bu eşsiz aylarda ahirete yönelik amelleri diğer vakitlere nispeten daha fazla çoğaltmak gerekir. Bu aylarda daha fazla Kur'ân-ı Kerîm okumak, ilme daha fazla yönelmek, ibadet ve tefekküre ve İslâmî hizmetlere daha fazla vakit ayırmak Mü'min'ler için kaçınılmaz bir fırsat olmalıdır.
İşte bu sebeple üç ayların ve üç aylar içerisinde bulunan mübarek gecelerin büyük bir sevinç ve coşkunlukla ihya edilmesi büyük önem arz etmektedir. Buna mukabil olarak da bu ayların fazilet ve bereketinden mahrum kalan kimseler ise büyük hayırlardan mahrum kalmış demektir. Müslümanların uyanık davranıp bu ayları ganimet bilmesi, bir ânını bile gaflet içerisinde geçirmemesi gerekir.