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IMF bataklığına 'kurtarıcı' düşürdü Önceki gün son taksiti ödeyerek borç ilişkimizi bitirdiğimiz IMF'den ilk parayı Kemal Kurdaş aldı. Kurdaş, Amerika'dan 'kurtarıcı' olarak gelmişti Giriş Tarihi : 17 Mayıs 2013
IMF yani
Uluslararası Para Fonu 'yla olan
52 yıllık borç ilişkimiz sona ermiş. Bu ilişkinin başlangıcına dair birkaç ilginç not aktarmak sanırım faydalı ve öğretici olacaktır.
27 Mayıs sonrası kurulan ilk hükümetin
Maliye Bakanı Ekrem Alican 'dı. Mülkiye (siyasal bilgiler) mezunu
Alican, siyaset hayatına
Demokrat Parti 'de (DP) başlamış ve
1950-1955 arası bu partiden milletvekili seçilmişti. Partisiyle anlaşmazlığa düşüp
1955 'te istifa etmiş, çoğunluğu kendisi gibi küskün olan eski DP'lilerin kurduğu
Hürriyet Partisi 'ne geçmişti. Bu parti değişikliği ona bakanlık koltuğu getirmişti ama bu koltukta sadece 7 ay oturmuş ve oradan da istifa etmişti.
KOLTUKTA KISA KALDI İstifa nedeni olarak
1 Ocak 1961 'den geçerli olacak memur zamlarını gösterdi.
Alican 'a göre, 1 yıl daha beklenmeli ve memurlara
1962 'de zam yapılmalıydı. Çünkü ödemelerde açık doğacaktı ve bu yıllar boyu sürecek bir kısır döngüye yol açacaktı. İktidarın asıl sahibi
Milli Birlik Komitesi ise öyle düşünmüyordu.
Alican, Yeni Türkiye Partisi'ni kurmak üzere bakanlıktan ayrılmak zorunda kalmıştı. Peki, yeni Maliye Bakanı kim olacaktı?
IMF 'de müşavir olarak çalışan bir başka Mülkiyeli bulundu, ismi
Kemal Kurdaş 'tı. O zamanlar dar bir çevrede tanınan bir maliyeciydi. Asıl tanınması ve tarihe isminin kalmasının nedeni ise daha sonra ODTÜ'nün kurucu rektörü olması sebebiyledir.
31 Aralık 1960 'da ABD'den İstanbul'a adeta kurtarıcı gibi geldi. Ayağının tozuyla, daha
Cemal Gürsel 'le bile görüşmeden bir basın toplantısı düzenledi ve
IMF 'den
35 milyon dolar kısa vadeli borç alındığını açıkladı.
27 Aralık 'ta atandığı bakanlık koltuğuna oturmadan 3 gün içinde
ABD 'de bu borç anlaşmasını halletmişti. Aslında biraz garipti,
IMF 'de çalışan birisi, ertesi gün bakan olarak
IMF 'den
Türkiye adına borç alıyordu. Bakanlık koltuğunda kısa kaldı ve ABD'nin kurduğu ODTÜ'ye rektör olarak atandı. Aslında
Kemal Kurdaş 'ın IMF sevgisi çok eskiydi. 1955'in son zamanlarında DP içinde mevcut ekonomi politikalarına karşı çıkan bir grubun başlattığı 'istikrar programı' çağrısı sonucu
Maliye Bakanı Hasan Polatkan istifa etmişti. İstikrar programından kasıt,
IMF ile anlaşma yapılması isteğiydi. Tam da o günlerde Ankara Palas otelinde bir IMF heyeti kalıyordu ama hangi isimle? Heyet Başkanı'nın ismi Ernest Sturc'tu (1915-1980) ama otelde
Hikmet Sami Türk ismiyle yer ayırtmıştı. Gelişlerinin gizli olmasını istemişlerdi.
DERVİŞ'İ BEĞENİYORDU İstifa eden
Polatkan 'ın yerine
Nedim Ökmen Maliye Bakanı olmuştu,
Kemal Kurdaş 'ı da
Hazine Genel Müdürü yapmıştı. Kurdaş da, istikrar programı adıyla IMF ile anlaşma yapılmasını isteyen bir raporu Bakan'a sunmuş, bütçe konuşmasında bunu açıklamasını istemişti.
Nedim Ökmen, Kurdaş 'ın
"Beyefendiye söylemeyin" demesine rağmen
Menderes 'e bu programı aktarınca
Menderes kızmış ve
"Bütçe konuşmanızı değiştirin" deyip,
IMF ile anlaşmayı istememişti. Onun aklında madenlerden gelir getirmeyi esas alan
Clarence Randal 'ın programı vardı ve onu uyguladı. Yıl artık
1956 olmuştu ve hazırladığı rapor sonrası bir anlamda kısmeti açılan
Kurdaş da bürokrasiyi bırakıp
IMF 'ye gitti. Okurken size de
Kemal Derviş 'in
Dünya Bankası 'ndan alelacele getirilmesini hatırlatmıştır. Kurdaş da zaten
Kemal Derviş 'i çok beğeniyor ve destekliyordu.
2011 'de 91 yaşındayken vefat eden
Kurdaş, Derviş için 2001'de şöyle demişti:
"Kemal Derviş'i cesaretlendirmeli. Çocuğu sindirmeye kalkıyorlar. Vura vura moralini bozuyorlar. Çocuk, mukavemet gücünü kaybediyor. Diren diyorum, karşındaki mantıksızsa eğer, ne derse desin hayır demeli. İstifa et mi diyorlar, 'Sen et ben de edeyim' demeli. Bak bakalım o zaman karşısındaki istifa ediyor mu? Kemal beyin, faydası azalıyor. Böyle giderse, bunlara taviz verirse, bu halk da bir gün diyecek ki bu adam bitti. Bitmemeli. Karşısındakilerin yaptıklarının hepsi cinayettir, intihardır. Kurtuluşun yolu çok ciddi olmaktan geçer." Hayat ne garip,
Kemal Derviş Devlet Bakanı yapıldığı zaman aynı kabinenin
Adalet Bakanı, bir zamanlar kod adı olarak kullanılan
Hikmet Sami Türk 'tü.