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Dünyada başta rüzgar ve güneş olmak üzere yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına olan yönelim hızla artıyor. Bu artışta şüphesiz en büyük pay kısa sürede içerisinde ortaya çıkan yeni teknolojilere bağlı olarak düşen maliyetler ve artan verimlilik oranları. Aynı zamanda daha sürdürülebilir bir ekonomi ve çevre içinde olmazsa olmaz bir konuma ulaşan yenilenebilir enerji teknolojileri artık çok sayıda büyük devletin de en büyük önceliği arasında.
VERİMLİ TEKNOLOJİLER Hürriyet'in haberine göre bu kaynaklardan güneş enerjisi ise uluslararası kurumlar tarafından diğerlerine göre bir adım daha önde büyümesini sürdürüyor. Özellikle son 10 yılda güneş enerjisi teknolojilerindeki maliyetlerin hızla aşağı düşmesi yatırımcılar için de büyük bir fırsat olarak görülüyor. Son dönemde güneş enerjisinin diğer yenilenebilir enerji türlerine göre avantaj sağlamasının bir nedeni de sektördeki yeni teknolojiler. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Enerji Politikaları Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi'nden (EPAM) Prof. Cem Avcı ve Prof. Gürkan Kumbaroğlu tarafından yapılan araştırmaya göre dünyada gittikçe yaygınlaşan çift taraflı güneş panelleri tek tarafları panellere göre yüzde 10 ila 45 arasında daha fazla enerji kazancı sağlıyor. Çift taraflı paneller güneş tarlalarının altına serilen beyaz çakıllar sayesinde yerden yansıyan ışınlardan da faydalanıyor.
GELİRİ ARTTIRIYOR Yapılan çalışmada 35 MWe kurulu güce sahip bir çift yüzeyli cam-cam güneş enerjisi santrali için ekonomi k analiz gerçekleştirildi. Üretimin ilk 10 yılı için YEKDEM mekanizmasındaki alım fiyatları varsayılırken devamında simülasyonu ile geçmiş verilere dayalı olarak farklı olasılık dağılımları ile fiyat projeksiyonları kullanıldı. Ekonomik analiz kapsamında bir çift yüzeyli cam-cam panellerin değerleri aynı kurulu güce sahip standart tek yüzeyli paneller ile karşılaştırıldı. Karşılaştırma sonucu çift yüzeyli panel yatırımının proje ömrü boyunca önemli getirisi olduğu belirtildi. Analiz kapsamında tek yüzeyli panellerden oluşan santral 100.3 milyon dolar gelir getireceği hesaplanırken çift yüzeyli panellerden uluşan santraldan 112.6 milyon dolar gelir hesaplandı. Ayrıca 3.5 milyon dolarlık ilave yatırımın 12.3 milyon dolar ilave kazanç sağladığı görüldü.
PİYASALARIN YENİ LİDERİ Uluslararası Enerji Ajansı (IEA) son açıkladığı raporlarda güneş enerjisi ndeki potansiyele dikkat çekiyor. IEA'nın 'Dünya Enerji Görünümü 2020' raporuna göre, dünyada enerji yatırımları yüzde 18 azalırken, yavaşlayan ekonomi k aktiviteyle küresel karbon emisyonları yüzde 7 düşecek. Diğer enerji kaynaklarından üretim düşmesine rağmen, yenilenebilir enerji den elektrik üretimi bu yıl tek artış gösteren alan olacak. Destekleyici politikalar ve teknolojideki ilerlemelerle giderek ucuzlayan yenilenebilir kaynaklar, enerji piyasalarında daha fazla rol oynayacak. Küresel elektrik talebi 2030'a kadar yüzde 20 artarken, bu talep artışının yüzde 80'ini yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları tek başına karşılayabilecek. Birçok ülkede, yeni kömür ve doğalgaz santralı yatırımlarından daha ucuz olan ve şimdiye kadarki en düşük maliyetli elektrik kaynağı haline gelen güneş enerjisi ise bu alandaki büyümenin merkezinde yer alacak. Güneş enerjisi kapasitesi 2030'a kadar yılda yaklaşık 280 gigavat artış gösterecek ve ortalama yüzde 12 büyüyecek.