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Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK ) bütçenize aylık 325 Euro (yaklaşık 3.360 lira) 'Çalışan Anne Desteği' sağlıyor. Sigortalı çalışırken yeni anne olanlara 16 hafta izin hakkı tanındığını, SGK'lı bayanlara bu zamanın bitiminden itibaren 6 ay daha bedava izin verilebiliyor. Yine kadınların meşru doğum izinleri bittikten sonra ilk çocuk amacıyla 2 ay (60 gün), ikinci çocuk amacıyla 4 ay (120 gün), 3 ya da daha çok çocuk amacıyla 6 ay (180 gün) yarım gün çalışabileceklerini, yarım günlük mesainin ücretini devlet ödüyor...
232 LİRA EMZİRME ÖDENEĞİ Doğum yapan bayana süt parası da denilen emzirme ödeneği (232 lira) verilir. Kadın çalışmıyorsa bu para sigortalı erkeğe ödenir. 5 sene içerisinde bu para talep edilebilir. Başvuru SGK il müdürlüğüne ya da Sosyal Güvenlik Merkezi 'ne (SGK) yapılıyor. Bağkur'lu anneler de süt parası alabiliyor.
24 AY EK YARDIM 'Çoklu Doğum Yardım Programı ' ile ikiz, üçüz gibi çoklu doğumla karşılaşan gereksinim sahibi ailelere yönelik 0-2 yaş aralığında çocuk başına 2 sene vaktince aylık 150 lira ödeme yapılıyor. Bunun amacıyla il/ilçedeki Sosyal Yardımlaşma ve Dayanışma Vakıfları 'na müracaat yapılıyor.
ÇOCUKLARI İÇİN İZİN Annelere 1 yaşından ufak çocuklarını emzirmeleri amacıyla günde toplam 1.5 saat süt izni veriliyor. Bu vakitın hangi saatler arasında ve kaça bölünerek kullanılacağını işçi kendisi belirliyor. Memur annelerde bu vakit ilk 6 ayda günde 3 saat, ikinci 6 ayda günde 1.5 saatle sınırlı.
EVLENİP 1 YIL İÇİNDE İŞTEN AYRILANA TAZMİNAT Kıdem tazminatı işçinin kendi talebi dışında işten ayrılması halinde yani işten çıkarılması halinde ödeniyor. Fakat haklı sebeplerle ya da meşru halin tanıdığı imkanlar kapsamında istifa edenler de tazminat alabilir. Bu istisnalardan bir tanesi bayanlara tanınmıştır. Kadın evliliği nedeniyle (1 sene içerisinde) işten ayrılırsa kıdemini alabiliyor. 1 senelik vaktin başlangıç tarihi resmi evlilik tarihidir.
Evlilik nedenine dayalı olarak iş akdinin feshedilmesi halinde işçi ve işveren ihbar tazminatı talep edemez, ihbar vakitı uygulanmaz. Bu halde istifa eden bayan işsizlik maaşı da alamaz. Akdini evlilik nedeniyle feshederek kıdem tazminatını alan bayanın yeni bir yerde işe başlamasının önünde engel bulunmuyor. Sırf kıdem amacıyla evlenip boşanma hali belirleme edilirse, işveren kıdemi geri isteyebilir. Bu halde mahkeme vakitci başlar.
İŞSİZ ANNEYE HARÇLIK: GÜNLÜK ÖDEME 110 LİRA Kadının da işgücüne katılımı, sürdürülebilir büyüme amacıyla önemli. Devlet, İşkur'un 'İşte Anne Projesi' ile 0 ile 15 yaş arasında çocuğu olan işsiz annelere yardımcı oluyor. Buna göre, anneler ilk evvelce mesleki eğitim uygulamaına katılarak burada yeni bir meslek öğreniyor. Hem de mesleki eğitim alan annelere günlük 110 lira ödeme yapılıyor. Programlar en az 3, en çok 6 ay sürüyor.
PRİMLERİ KARŞILANIYOR Evlat edinen bayanlar da destekten faydalanabiliyor. Şartları ideal olan bayanlara, İşkur doğrultusundan düzenlenen mesleki eğitim kurslarına ya da işbaşı eğitim uygulamalarına katılmaları halinda; kursa devam ettikleri sürece ödeme yapılıyor. Devletin aylık ödediği tutar ise 3 bin 300 liraya çıkıyor. Annelerin iş kazası ve meslek hastalığı sigortası primi ile Genel Sağlık Sigortası (GSS) primi de karşılanıyor.
HAFTALIK 45 SAAT EĞİTİM Proje kapsamında işbaşı eğitim uygulaması, bilişim ve imalat sektöründeki işyeri ve mesleklerde en çok 6 ay, başka sektörlerde ise en çok 3 ay olarak uygulanıyor. Programlar günde en az 5, en çok 8 saat olmak üzere ve haftada 6 günü aşmamak kaydıyla haftalık 45 saati geçmeyecek şekilde planlanıyor. Bu anlamda takvim.com.tr olarak haber yaptık son dakika haberleri için tek adresiniz ise sayfamız
400 LİRA KREŞ DESTEĞİ Annelere harçlık ve prim desteğinin yanı sıra 2-5 yaş arası çocukları amacıyla aylık 400 lira bakım (kreş) desteği de veriliyor. Ödeme uygulama vaktince devam ediyor. Faydalanmak amacıyla çocuğun kreşe gittiğine dair belgelerin İşkur'a teslim edilmesi yeterli.
AYLIK 3350 LİRA BAKICI PARASI Anneler dikkat! Çalışmak, işe geri dönmek ya da yeni bir işte çalışmaya başlamak istiyorsanız, Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK ) bütçenize aylık 325 Euro (yaklaşık 3.350 lira) 'Çalışan Anne Desteği' sağlıyor. Destek miktarı 2021 senesinde aylık 325 Euro. 2022 senesinde 350 Euro'ya çıkacak. Özel gereksinimli çocuğu olan annelere çoktan 50 Euro ödeniyor. Proje ile bayan istihdamının artırılması ve sigortalı eğitimli bakıcı çalıştırılması teşvik ediliyor.
0-2 YAŞ ARALIĞI Avrupa Birliği (AB) ile ortaklaşa finanse edilen ve SGK 'nın yürüttüğü 'Eğitimli Çocuk Bakıcılarının Teşviki Yoluyla Kayıtlı Kadın İstihdamının Desteklenmesi Projesi' amacıyla Ankara, İstanbul ve İzmir'de çocuğuyla ikamet eden anneler, e-Devlet parolası ile 'sgkegitimlibakici.org' ve 'sgk.org.tr' adresi üzerinden müracaat yapabiliyor. Desteğe, müracaat tarihi itibarıyla 0-2 yaş aralığında çocuk sahibi olan SSK'lı (4A) anneler başvurabiliyor.
DAHA AZ PARA ÖDEYEREK İMEKLİ OLUYORLAR... Bir vakit çalıştıktan sonra ailesiyle ve çocuğuyla ilgilenmek amacıyla işten ayrılan binlerce bayan var. Yine el işi yapan ya da bahçesinde ürettiği sebze ve meyveleri işleyerek satan bayanlar son derece çok. Kadınlar bu işleri yaparak aile bütçelerine katkıda bulunuyor, fakat sigortaları yok. Düzenlemeler bu şekilde faaliyette belirleme edilen bayanlara vergi ödemeden esnaflık hakkı tanıyor. Bunun da natural neticesi sigorta. Sigortasını derli toplu yatıranlar yaş koşulunı da tamamlarsa emekli maaşı almaya hak kazanıyor. Bunun amacıyla iki yol var: 1) Vergisiz esnaflık. 2) İsteğe bağlı sigorta.
ESNAF MUAFLIĞI: TURİSTİK EŞYA, HALI, DANTEL... Vergi kanununda düzenlenen 'esnaf muaflığı' ev bayanları amacıyla de büyük bir üstünlük getiriyor. Evde üretim yapan bayanlar bu haktan yararlanıyor ve vergiden muaf oluyor. Havlu, örtü, çarşaf, çorap, halı, kilim, dokuma mamulleri, kırpıntı deriden imal edilen mamuller, örgü, dantel, her nevi nakış işleri ve turistik eşya, hasır, sepet, süpürge, paspas, fırça, yapma çiçek, pul, payet, boncuk işleme, tığ örgü işleri, ip ve urganları, tarhana, erişte, mantı gibi ürünlerin üretilmesi lazım. Bu ürünlerin de yalnızca kermes, festival, panayır ile kamu kurum ve kuruluşlarınca geçici olarak belirleme edilen yerlerde satılması gerekiyor.
İNTERNETTEN SATIŞTA VERGİ YOK 1 Ocak Ayı 2021'den itibaren elde edilen gelirlere uygulanmak üzere evlerde imal edilen malların internetten satışında esnaf muaflığı tanındı. Ayrı bir işyeri açmadan ve endüstri tarzı ya da seri üretim yapabilen makine ve alet kullanmadan oturdukları evlerde imal ettikleri malları, internet ve aynısı elektronik ortamlar üzerinden satanlar 'esnaf muaflığı' kapsamına alındı. Bu haktan yararlanmak amacıyla bir bankada ticari hesap açmak gerekiyor. Bütün hasılatın bilhassa bu hesap vasıtasıyla tahsil edilmesi ve hasılat tutarının bu sene amacıyla 240 bin lirayı aşmaması önemli. Esnaf muaflığından faydalananın mükellefiyet tesisi, belge düzenleme, defter tutma, beyanname verme gibi yükümlülüğü bulunmuyor
KAYIT İÇİN NE YAPILMALI? Önce vergi dairesinden Gelir Vergisi mükellefi olunmadığına dair belge alınacak. Sonrasında SGK 'ya sigortalı olmak amacıyla müracaat yapılacak. Böylece Bağkur kapsamına girilmiş oluyor. Muafiyet belgesi alan ev bayanları isterlerse sigortalı da oluyor. Belgesi olanlar SGK'ya müracaat ederek bu sene amacıyla 28 gün prim ödeyip, 30 gün üzerinden sigortalı yapılıyorlar. 2021 senesi amacıyla ödenecek prim tutarı ise 1.068 lira. Normalde prim 1.144 lira. Ödenecek gün adedi her sene arttığı amacıyla 2022'de 29 ve 2023 ile ardından amacıyla 30 gün olacak. Emeklilik amacıyla aranan prim koşulu 9000 gün. Fakat 61 yaşını tamamladığında 5400 günü imkan da emekli aylığı bağlanıyor.
İSTEĞE BAĞLI NASIL MÜMKÜN? AYLIK ÖDEME 1144 LİRA Emeklilik amacıyla prim eksiği belirleme edilen ev bayanları Sosyal Emniyet Kurumu'na (SGK) başvurarak, sigortalı olabiliyor. Düzenli prim ödeyerek, emekli de olabiliyorlar. Sigortalılık vakitı ise SGK'ya oluşturulan müracaatnun kayıtlara geçmesi ile başlıyor.Ödenecek prim amacıyla alt ve üst sınır var. En az ödenecek prim, brüt asgari ücretin yüzde 32'si kadar. O da bu sene amacıyla 1.144 lira. En yüksek ise bunun 7.5 katı yani 8 bin 584 lira oluyor. Bu yolu seçen emeklilik hakkı kazanabildiği gibi hem kendisi hem de bakmakla yükümlü bulunduğu kişiler, sıhhat hizmetinden de bedava yararlanabilir.
BAĞKUR KAPSAMINDA Peki, isteğe bağlı sigortalı olan ev bayanları ne vakit emekli olur? İsteğe bağlı sigortalılık Bağkur'lu kapsamında değerlendiriliyor ve emeklilik amacıyla de Bağkur şartları uygulanıyor. Bugün isteğe bağlı emeklilik sistemine giren bir ev bayanı, 9000 gün prim ödemek halinda. Bunun bir de yaş haddi var. 1 Mayıs 2008'den sonra sigortalı olanlar 5400 gün prim ödeyerek, 61 yaşında emekli olabiliyor. 9 Eylül 1999'dan evvelce sigortalı olmuş bir bayan, buradaki primlerini isteğe bağlı sigorta ile 3600 güne tamamlayıp bu kez 58 yaşında emekli olabiliyor. ARANAN KOŞULLAR NELER?
18 yaşından büyük olmak. Zorunlu sigorta gerektiren işlerde çalışmamak (SSK'sı olmamalı). Sahip bulunduğu sigorta nedeniyle aylık almamak. 'Gelir Vergisi'nden muaf' bulunduğunu belgelemek. Sosyal sigorta emniyeti olmaması gerekiyor.