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Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası (TCMB ) Para Politikası Kurulu (PPK), politika faizi olan bir hafta vadeli repo ihale faiz oranını 250 baz puan artırarak yüzde 45'e yükseltti.
TCMB'den faiz oranlarına ilişkin yapılan duyuruda, Hafize Gaye Erkan başkanlığında toplanan Kurulun, politika faizinin yüzde 42,50'den yüzde 45'e çıkarılmasına karar verdiği bildirildi.
Duyuruda, aralık ayında manşet enflasyonun son Enflasyon Raporu'nda sunulan görünümle uyumlu bir artış kaydettiği belirtildi.
Yurt içi talebin mevcut seviyesi, hizmet fiyatlarındaki katılık ve jeopolitik risklerin enflasyon baskılarını canlı tuttuğu ifade edilen duyuruda, yakın döneme ilişkin göstergelerin, parasal sıkılaştırmanın finansal koşullara yansımasıyla yurt içi talepteki dengelenmenin öngörülen dezenflasyon süreciyle tutarlı seyrettiğine işaret ettiği vurgulandı.
Duyuruda, Kurul'un, enflasyon beklentileri ve fiyatlama davranışlarında başlayan sınırlı iyileşmenin devam ettiğini değerlendirdiği bildirildi.
Dış finansman koşulları, rezervlerdeki güçlenme, cari dengedeki iyileşme ve Türk lirası varlıklara talebin döviz kuru istikrarına ve para politikasının etkinliğine katkıda bulunmaya devam ettiği vurgulanan duyuruda, bu çerçevede, aylık enflasyonun ana eğilimindeki düşüşün sürdüğü belirtildi.
Kurul'un, parasal sıkılaştırmanın gecikmeli etkilerini de göz önünde bulundurarak dezenflasyonun tesisi için gerekli parasal sıkılık düzeyine ulaşıldığını ve bu düzeyin gerektiği müddetçe sürdürüleceğini değerlendirdiği bildirilen duyuruda, "Kurul, politika faizinin mevcut seviyesinin aylık enflasyonun ana eğiliminde belirgin bir düşüş sağlanana ve enflasyon beklentileri öngörülen tahmin aralığına yakınsayana kadar sürdürüleceğini değerlendirmiştir. Enflasyon görünümü üzerinde belirgin ve kalıcı riskler oluşması durumunda ise parasal sıkılık gözden geçirilecektir." ifadesi kullanıldı.
"KURUL, MİKTARSAL SIKILAŞTIRMAYA DEVAM EDECEKTİR" Duyuruda, Kurul'un, mevcut mikro ve makroihtiyati çerçeveyi piyasa mekanizmasının işlevselliğini artıracak ve makro finansal istikrarı güçlendirecek şekilde sadeleştirdiği belirtildi.
Kurul'un sadeleştirme süreciyle uyumlu şekilde kredi arzında ve mevduat faizinde gözlenebilecek oynaklıklara karşın makroihtiyati kararlarla parasal aktarım mekanizmasını destekleyeceği bildirilen duyuruda, şunlar kaydedildi:
"Kurul, faiz kararlarının yanı sıra parasal sıkılaştırma sürecini destekleme amacıyla, kullandığı sterilizasyon araçlarının çeşitliliğini artırarak miktarsal sıkılaştırmaya devam edecektir. Kurul, politika kararlarını parasal sıkılaştırmanın gecikmeli etkilerini de dikkate alarak enflasyonun ana eğilimini geriletecek ve orta vadede yüzde 5 hedefine ulaştıracak parasal ve finansal koşulları sağlayacak şekilde belirlemeye devam edecektir. Enflasyon ve enflasyonun ana eğilimine ilişkin göstergeler yakından takip edilecek ve Kurul, fiyat istikrarı temel amacı doğrultusunda elindeki tüm araçları kararlılıkla kullanmaya devam edecektir. Kurul, kararlarını öngörülebilir, veri odaklı ve şeffaf bir çerçevede almaya devam edecektir."
Para Politikası Kurulu toplantı özeti 5 iş günü içinde yayımlanacak.
A Para Yayın Koordinatörü Özlem Doğaner ve Prof. Dr. Abdulkadir Develi A Haber canlı yayınında konuya ilişkin değerlendirmelerde bulundu.
Faiz kararını A Haber'de yorumlayan: Prof. Dr. Abdulkadir Develi, " Merkez Bankası'nın açıklamış olduğu metin daha öncekilerle uyumlu bir metin. Talebe yönelik bir atıf söz konusu. Piyasa bunu fiyatlamıştı. Şahin bir duruştur ve Merkez Bankası'nın kararlığını gösteriyor. Enflasyon ile faiz arasındaki makasın kapandığı bir yıl olarak göreceğiz. Yabancı sermayenin girişinin hızlanacağını gösteren bir projeksiyon ortaya koyuyor. Enflasyon ile mücadele edeceksek TL'deki oynaklığı ortadan kaldırmak zorundayız. Döviz kurlarındaki oynaklığın azaltılması vurgusu da çok önemli. Dövizdeki artış enflasyonun gerisinde olan bir artış. Bu da yabancı yatırımları daha öngörülebilir hale getiriyor. Mevduat faizleri doğal sınırlarına geldi. Parasal sıkılaşmadan bahsedilen bir ortam da bu durum iyi." ifadelerini kullandı.
Özlem Doğaner ise "Bugün Avrupa Merkez Bankası faiz kararını verecek. Gelecek hafta FED faiz kararını açıklayacak. Bu faiz kararlarında öte 2024 yılı içerisinde faiz indirimlerinin konuşulacağı bir süreç göreceğiz. Kaç faiz indirimi yapılabilir bunun analizleri konuşuluyor. Bizim de parasal sıkılık dönemini tamamlayarak yılın sonunda faiz indirimleri konuşacak olabiliriz. Bu da bize küresel anlamda fırsat tanıyor. Enflasyonun asıl tepe noktası mayıs ayında olacak ve yüzde 70'leri bulabilir. Burada önemli olan ekonomim yönetiminin gördüğü şekilde işlerini yürüyor olmasıdır." şeklinde konuştu.
AA Finans analisti ve ekonomist Haluk Bürümcekçi, yaptığı değerlendirmede, "Şu aşamada politika faizinin ekime kadar yüzde 45 düzeyinde korunacağı beklentimizi korurken, 5 Şubat'ta açıklanacak ocak ayı enflasyonu ve 8 Şubat'ta yayınlanacak Enflasyon Raporu sonrası tahminlerimizi yeniden gözden geçireceğimizi belirtmek isteriz." dedi.
Son dönemdeki gelişmeler dikkate alınarak enflasyonda yukarı yönlü risklerin oluşması durumunda ilave sıkılaşma yapılabileceği mesajıyla faiz artırımlarına kapının açık bırakıldığına işaret eden Bürümcekçi, enflasyonun büyük olasılıkla ocak ayında geçen yılın aynı ayındaki yüksek gerçekleşmeye yakın şekillenecek olmasının, TCMB 'nin dezenflasyon sürecini yönetmesi açısından şartların çok zorlu olacağını düşündürdüğünü dile getirdi.
SINIRLI FAİZ ARTIRIMI FİYATLAMASI GÖRÜLEBİLİR Bu durumun enflasyon beklentilerinin yönünü tekrar yukarı döndürme potansiyeli de taşıdığını ifade eden Bürümcekçi, "Dolayısıyla ilk çeyrek enflasyon ve enflasyon beklentileri gelişmelerine bağlı olarak piyasalarda faiz indirim beklentisinin iyice ötelenmesi ya da sınırlı faiz artırımı fiyatlaması görülmesi söz konusu olabilir." değerlendirmesinde bulundu.
"Banka, politika metninde 'Kurul, faiz kararlarının yanı sıra parasal sıkılaştırma sürecini destekleme amacıyla, kullandığı sterilizasyon araçlarının çeşitliliğini artırarak miktarsal sıkılaştırmaya devam edecektir' mesajını da tekrarlayarak bankacılık sisteminde oluşan likidite fazlasını çekme amaçlı hamlelerin süreceği sinyalini vermiştir." ifadesini kullanan Bürümcekçi, TCMB'nin politika metninde faiz artırım sürecinin tamamlandığı ve mevcut sıkılık düzeyinin enflasyon ana eğiliminin ve enflasyon beklentilerinin yıl sonu tahminleriyle uyumlu hale gelene kadar korunacağı sinyali verdiğini bildirdi.
MERKEZ BANKASI TEMKİNLİ MESAJ VERDİ Societe Generale Orta ve Doğu Avrupa, Orta Doğu, Afrika Stratejisti Marek Drimal, TCMB 'nin bu toplantıda yaptığı faiz artışının son artış olabileceğini belirtti.
Bundan sonra odak noktasının Bankanın politika faizini yüzde 45 seviyesinde ne kadar koruyacağı olacağını ifade eden Drimal, TCMB'nin devamlılık arz eden bir dezenflasyon süreci ve daha düşük enflasyon beklentileri sağlamak için yılın geri kalanında da politika faizini bu seviyede tutabileceği öngörüsünde bulundu.
Drimal, TCMB 'nin, politika metninde beklentiler doğrultusunda temkinli bir mesaj verdiğini vurguladı.
Bankanın, para politikasının enflasyonun yavaşlaması ve enflasyon beklentilerinin düşmesi için gerekli olduğu sürece güvenilir bir şekilde sıkı kalacağına dair mesajının çok önemli olduğunu söyleyen Drimal, bunun asgari ücretteki artış ve ocak ayında liranın hafif değer kaybetmesi nedeniyle 2024 yılının başlarında zor olabileceğini kaydetti.
BAHAR AYLARINI İŞARET ETTİ Drimal, TCMB 'nin yüksek faiz oranlarından faydalanacak büyük miktarda yabancı para akışı ve turizm sezonunun başlamasıyla bahar aylarında liranın zayıflamasının yavaşlayabileceğini belirtti.
GEÇEN AY DA ARTMIŞTI Geçen ay gerçekleştirilen PPK toplantısında politika faizi 250 baz puan artırılarak yüzde yüzde 42,5'e yükseltilmişti.
2023'TE 34 PUANLIK FAİZ ARTIŞI Merkez Bankası , son 7 toplantıda da yukarı yönlü adım attı. Faizde bu yılki toplam artış 34 puan olarak gerçekleşti. Merkez Bankası, haziran ayındaki toplantısından itibaren para politikasında sıkılaştırmaya gitti.
Merkez Bankası, hazirandaki toplantıda faizde yukarı yönlü adım atarak indirim sürecini 27 ay sonra sonlandırmıştı. Yeni başkan Hafize Gaye Erkan başkanlığında ilk toplantısını haziranda yapan kurul, politika faizini 6,5 puan artışla yüzde 15'e yükseltmişti.
Merkez Bankası temmuz toplantısında politika faizini 2,5 puan artışla yüzde 17,50'ye yükseltmişti. Ağustos toplantısında faiz artışına devam eden Merkez Bankası, 7,5 puanlık artışla faizi yüzde 25'e çıkardı.
Eylül toplantısında politika faizi 500 baz puan artırılarak yüzde 25'ten yüzde 30'a yükseltildi. Ekimde faiz artışına devam eden Merkez Bankası yine 500 baz puanlık artışla faizi yüzde 35'e çıkarmıştı. Kasım toplantısında politika faizi 500 baz puan artırılarak yüzde 35'ten yüzde 40'a çıkarılmıştı. Aralık ayında ise yüzde 40'tan 42.5'e çıkarılmıştı.