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146 ülkeye Türk kahvesi! 154,7 milyon dolarlık ihracat geliri Bugün Dünya Kahve Günü olarak kutlanırken, 146 ülke Türkiye’nin işlediği kahveyi tüketiyor. Ülkemizin 5 yıllık ihracat geliri 154.7 milyon doları buluyor. takvim.com.tr Kaynak GAZETE Giriş Tarihi : 01 Ekim 2024
2015'ten bu yana her yıl 1 Ekim'de 'Dünya Kahve Günü' kutlanıyor. Kahvenin ekonomik değeri ve sosyal etkileri hakkında farkındalığın artırılmaya çalışıldığı bu gün kapsamında, sürdürülebilir kahve üretiminin önemine de dikkat çekiliyor. Türkiye'de kahve çekirdeği yetişmemesine rağmen ürünü işleyerek bu alanda ihracat yapıyor.
8 AYDA 34.5 MİLYON DOLAR Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu'nun Özel Ticaret Sistemi verilerine göre, ülkenin kahve ve kahveli ürünler ihracatı 2020-Ağustos 2024 dönemini kapsayan yaklaşık 5 yılda 154 milyon 690 bin 881 dolar oldu. Kahve ihracatı 2020'de 20.2 milyon dolar seviyesindeyken, 2021'de 23.8 milyon dolara, 2022'de 36.5 milyon dolara ve 2023'te 39.7 milyon dolara yükseldi. Bu yılın Ocak-Ağustos dönemindeki ihracat da 34.5 milyon dolar seviyesinde gerçekleşti.
İHRACAT ŞAMPİYONLARI Türkiye'nin sattığı kahveye en fazla talep gösteren ülkeler ise yıllara göre değişiklik gösterdi. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Hollanda, Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti (KKTC), Belarus ve Suudi Arabistan, geçen yıl en fazla kahve ihracatı gerçekleştirilen ülkeler oldu. Bu dönemde Türkiye'nin kahveleri 146 ülkede ağızları tatlandırdı. Belarus, KKTC, Suudi Arabistan ve Azerbaycan da bu yılın 8 ayında Türkiye'nin sattığı kahveleri en çok tercih eden ülkeler arasında yer aldı.
1.5 MİLYAR DOLARLIK ALIM Türkiye'nin kahve ithalatı ise 2020-Ağustos 2024 dönemini kapsayan yaklaşık 5 yılda 1 milyar 504 milyon 122 bin 96 dolar seviyesini buldu. Kahve ithalatı 2020'de 187.6 milyon dolar, 2021'de 221.1 milyon dolar, 2022'de 374 milyon dolar ve 2023'te 437 milyon dolar oldu. Bu yılın Ocak- Ağustos döneminde de ithalat 284.4 milyon dolar olarak kayıtlara geçti. Brezilya, Hollanda ve Almanya, Türkiye'nin en çok kahve satın aldığı ülkeler olarak öne çıktı.
2015'TEN BU YANA KUTLANIYOR 1 Ekim, Uluslararası Kahve Örgütü tarafından 2014 yılında Dünya Kahve Günü ilan edildi. Dünyadaki birçok ülke, yıl boyunca çeşitli tarihlerde kendi ulusal kahve günlerini kutluyor. Mart 2014'te, Uluslararası Kahve Örgütü'ne üye devletler, dünya çapındaki kahve severler için tek bir kutlama günü oluşturmak amacıyla 1 Ekim'de Uluslararası Kahve Günü düzenlemeyi kabul etti.
3-7 Mart 2014 tarihlerinde yapılan toplantıda, Uluslararası Kahve Örgütü tarafından Expo 2015'in bir parçası olarak Milano'da ilk resmi Uluslararası Kahve Günü'nün başlatılmasına karar verildi. Uluslararası Kahve Günü'nün kesin kökeni bilinmemekte. Bir etkinlik ilk kez 1983 yılında Japonya'da Japonya Kahve Birliği tarafından tanıtıldı. "Uluslararası Kahve Günü" adı ilk olarak 3 Ekim 2009'da kutlamak ve ilk New Orleans Kahve Festivali'ni duyurmak için bir basın toplantısı düzenleyen Southern Food and Beverage Museum tarafından kullanıldı. Çin'de ilk kez 1997'de kutlandı ve 2001 yılının Nisan ayı başlarında yıllık bir kutlama haline getirildi. Tayvan, Uluslararası Kahve Günü'nü ilk kez 2009'da kutladı. Nepal, Ulusal Kahve Günü'nü 17 Kasım 2005'te kutlamaya başladı.
FİYATLARA DAMAK AYARI Türkiye'ye Brezilya, Kolombiya, Etiyopya, Vietnam ile Endonezya gibi ülkelerden ulaşan kahve çekirdekleri, kafe veya market raflarında yer almadan önce üreticiler veya ithalatçıların talebi üzerine tadım testlerinden geçiyor. Kalite ve fiyat belirlenmesi için yapılan bu testleri, 21. yüzyılın yeni mesleklerinden olan ve İngilizce 'cupping' olarak ifade edilen 'kahve tadımcıları' yapıyor. Kahve tadımcıları, çeşitli kahve çekirdeklerini şekil, koku ve dokularına göre teste soktuktan sonra demliyor, ardından da höpürdetme tekniğiyle tek tek tatlarına bakıp puanlıyor.
SUYU DA ÖNEMLİ Kahve eğitimi veren Yunus Çakmak, yapılan test sonucunda 80 puanın altındakilerin ticari, üzerindekilerin ise nitelikli kahve sınıfına girdiğini söyledi. Çakmak, iyi bir kahve içebilmek için en az 80-85 puana sahip kahve çekirdeğine sahip olmanın yanı sıra ekipman ve kullanılan suyun PH değerinin de önemini vurgulayarak, şöyle konuştu: "İnsanlar artık kahve almadan önce, 'Bu hangi bölgenin kahvesi, hangi yükseklikte yetişiyor, hangi su değerlerinde demlemeliyim, ne kadar kahve kullanmalıyım?' diye soruyorlar." GEÇEN HAFTA YÜKSELDİ Geçen hafta kahve ve kakao fiyatlarında sert yükselişler görüldü. Intercontinental Exchange'de libre bazında fiyatlar, şekerde yüzde 2.2, kahvede yüzde 7.3 artış kaydetti. Kakaonun ton başına fiyatı da haftayı yüzde 8.1 yükselişle tamamladı. Brezilya'da kurak hava koşullarının devam etmesi ve Güneydoğu Asya ülkelerini vuran Yagi Tayfunu'nun Vietnam'daki kahve üretilen alanlara zarar vermesi kahve fiyatlarını destekledi. Fildişi Sahili'nde kakao üretiminin azalması, Gana hükümetinin kakao üreticilerine ödediği desteği artırması ve dolara talebin azalması kakao fiyatlarının sert yükselmesine neden oldu.