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Türkiye planları suya düşürdü! SETA Avrupa Araştırmaları Direktörü Kazım Keskin'den çarpıcı değerlendirme Türkiye’nin Libya hamlesi birçok ülkeyi çılgına çevirdi. SETA Avrupa Araştırmaları Direktörü Kazım Keskin ile Fransa Türkiye rekabetini ve Avrupa Birliği’nin son kararını konuştuk... takvim.com.tr Kaynak GAZETE Giriş Tarihi : 20 Temmuz 2020
Türkiye'nin Libya hamlesi başta Fransa'yı ve Yunanistan'ı çok zor duruma düşürdü. Türkiye ile Libya "Güvenlik ve Askeri İşbirliği Mutabakat Muhtırası" anlaşması imzalaması başta Fransa'yı ve bir çok ülkeyi çılgına çevirdi. Fransa konuyu AB'ye taşıyarak Türkiye'ye karşı yaptırım kararı almak istedi. Fakat toplantıdan Ayasofya kınaması dışında bir şey çıkmadı. Fransa bütün hamlelerinden sonra Türkiye karşısında kaybetmenin stresini yaşamaya devam ediyor. SETA Avrupa Araştırmaları Drektörü Kazım Keskin ile Fransa – Türkiye rekabetini ve AB'nin son kararını konuştuk.
Fransa'nın Türkiye'ye karşı Libya'dan dolayı ciddi pozisyon almasının nedeni nedir?
Fransa'nın Libya'da Türkiye karşıtı pozisyonunu açıklayabilecek nedenlerden birincisi iç politik olup Başkan Emmanuel Macron'un uzun süredir içinde bulunduğu kötü durumu kamufle etme çabası... Hatırlanacağı üzere Macron, haziran sonunda yapılan yerel seçimlerde ağır bir yenilgi almıştı. Yine Macron'un Fransız toplumu nezdinde sahip olduğu kredibilitesinin de seçildiği günden bu yana istikrarlı bir şekilde düşüyor oluşu, Fransa'nın Kovid-19'la mücadelede Avrupa ülkeleri arasında en başarısızlarından biri haline gelmesi vb. sebepler Macron'un Libya meselesinde Türkiye'yi hedef tahtasına oturtması için elverişli görünmüş olmalıdır.
Dıp politikayla bağlantılı konu var mı?
Meselenin ikinci açıklama biçimi ise dış politik açıklama olup şu şekilde ifade edilebilir diye düşünüyorum. Ülkemiz insanına 200 yıldır kabul ettirilmeye çalışıldığının aksine genelde Batılı ülkeler, özelde ise Fransa'nın ne insan hakları, ne özgürlük ne de demokrasi umurlarında değildir. Kısaca Avrupa değerleri diye lanse edip, rakip olarak gördükleri ülkeler üzerinde baskı aracı olarak kullanmaya çalıştıkları bu ilkeler, çıkarların gerçekleştirilmesinde paravan işlevi görmekten başka bir işe yaramamaktadır.
''DEVŞİRME ZİHNİYETLER''
Söz konusu ilkelerin paravan oluşu da temelde ikili bir sacayak üzerine oturtulur. Birincisi ülke kamuoyunu yapılacak olan dış müdahaleye destek olması için hazırlamak, ikincisi de müdahale edilecek ülkenin devşirme zihinlerini müdahale lehinde olmanın yanı sıra halkın da ikna edilmesi için çalışmasını sağlamak.
FRANSA'NIN PLANLARINI TÜRKİYE SUYA DÜŞÜRDÜ
Peki amacına ulaşabildi mi?
Fransa da daha baştan bir kumar oynamış ve BM tarafından da Libya'da tek meşru hükümet olarak tanınan UMH'ni devirmek isteyen CIA ajanı, darbeci halife Hafter'i desteklemiştir. Ne zaman ki Türkiye Libya ile "Güvenlik ve Askeri İşbirliği Mutabakat Muhtırası" ile "Deniz Yetki Alanlarının sınırlandırılmasına İlişkin Mutabakat Muhtırası" imzaladı Fransa'nın planları suya düştü ve Hafter'in olası iktidarı Türkiye'nin yardımlarıyla engellenmiş oldu. Bu da Fransa'nın Libya'da oynadığı kumarı arkasındaki Rus, BAE, Mısır, Yunanistan ve Güney Kıbrıs Rum Yönetimi ( GKRY) desteğine rağmen kaybetmesine yol açtı. Elbette bu Fransa'da zaten var olan stresin artmasına sebebiyet verdi.
Fransa Doğu Akdeniz'de neyi kaybetti?
Fransa Doğu Akdeniz'de sadece Libya'yı değil, Libya'dan gelecek muhtemel göçmen akımında söz sahibi olma hakkını da yitirdi. Aynı zamanda Türkiye'nin Doğu Akdeniz'de gaz ve petrol arama çalışmalarını da engelleyemeyeceği ortaya çıkan Fransa, zaten gittikçe gerileyen dış politika prestijini de yitirdi denilebilir.
FARNSA AB'DEN İSTEDİĞİNİ ALAMADI
Avrupa Birliği geçen hafta Fransa'nın isteği ile toplandı. Alınan kararları nasıl değerlendiriyorsunuz?
AB Dışişleri Bakanları toplantısında iki önemli tema vardı. Birincisi Çin ile ilişkilerin nasıl sürdürüleceği diğeri de Fransa'nın isteği doğrultusunda Türkiye'ye nasıl tepki verileceğiydi. Fransa'nın Libya'daki yenilginin acısını çıkarmak için Türkiye-AB ilişkilerini araçsallaştırarak Türkiye'ye yönelik baskı mekanizmalarını devreye sokmak istediği bu zirvede, arzu ettiği gerçekleşmedi. Türkiye'ye yönelik yeni bir yaptırım kararı alınamadı. Bununla birlikte bence sembolik değerde bir tepki olarak değerlendirilebilecek Ayasofya'nın müze olmaktan çıkarılıp camiye dönüştürülmesinin kınanması kararı alındı. Fransa'yı gücendirmeme ve daha fazla dış politik yenilgi almamasını sağlama amaçlıydı bu karar. Bu duruma bir başka dayanak da AB Dışilişkiler Yüksek Temsilcisi Josep Borrell'in ''Türkiye ile tansiyonun düşürülmesinden yanayız, diyalog çerçevesinde ilişkilerimizin yürütülmesini istiyoruz. Gelecekte gerekirse bazı önlemler alabiliriz'' ifadesidir. Kısaca AB Dışişleri Bakanları Türkiye-AB ilişkilerine dair bolca lakırdı yaptılar, Türkiye'yi sözüm ona yeni yaptırımlarla tehdit ettiler fakat Türkiye'yi gözden çıkarma kararını verecek cesareti kendilerinde bulamadılar.
ABD - ALMANYA GERİLİMİNDE DEĞİŞEN TÜRKİYE POLİTİKASI
Almanya ile Türkiye'nin ilişkisini nasıl değerlendiriyorsunuz. Dönem başkanı Almanya, yeni bir dönem olabilir mi?
Almanya'nın Türkiye ile ilişkilerini hala ''Eski Türkiye'' formatı hayattaymışçasına sürdürme isteğini taşıdığını düşünüyorum. Eşit göz hizasında bir ilişki modelinin Almanya tarafından gönüllü olarak kabul edilmeyeceği bilinmekteyse de, Türkiye'nin 15 Temmuz'dan sonra yapmış olduğu cesur ve kararlı adımların Alman karar alıcılarını Türkiye ile ilişkileri revize etme gerekliliği hususunda düşündürtmüş olmalıdır. Özellikle ABD'nin yeni AB ve Almanya tutumunun çok da bu siyasi entiteler lehine gözükmediği ve yeni nesil Alman siyasetçilerinin artık 2. Dünya Savaşı sonrası düzenin yükünü üzerlerinden atmak için fırsat kolladıkları göz önünde bulundurulursa Türkiye ile ilişkilerini düzeltmekten başka çıkarları olmadığı sonucuna varmalarının çok uzun süre almayacağı öngörülebilir. Zaten aksi yaklaşım rasyonel olarak değerlendirilemez kanaatindeyim.
TÜRKİYE'NİN AB'YE BAĞIMLILIĞINDAN, AB'NİN TÜRKİYE'YE BAĞIMLILIĞINA GEÇİYORUZ
Türkiye AB ile Gümrük Birliği'ni imzalarken pek başarılı bir anlaşma olmamıştı. Revize edilmesi gündemde idi. Revize edilebilir mi?
O dönem, Türkiye'nin görece güçsüz konumda olması ve ''Ne Pahasına Olursa Olsun Batı İle Bütünleşmek'' gibi son derece ilkesiz ve tutarsız bir siyasetin peşinde koşması sonucu kimi aleyhte hükümlere rağmen Gümrük Birliği Anlaşması imzalanmıştı. Günümüzde durum tüm engelleme girişimlerine rağmen Türkiye lehine değişmiş görünmektedir. Bununla birlikte AB, kendi çıkarları bunu gerektirse bile Gümrük Birliği Anlaşması'nın yeniden müzakere edilmesini Türkiye'ye karşı bir koz olarak elinde tutmak istemektedir. Burada sinirleri güçlü olan kazanacaktır. Zaten dünyanın ekonomik merkezinin giderek doğuya kaydığı bir konjonktürde zaman bize AB'nin Türkiye'ye olan bağımlılığının, Türkiye'nin AB'ye olan bağımlılığından daha güçlü olduğunu gösterecektir. Bu yapısal dönüşümün yanı sıra ''ekonomik bir dev ve fakat siyasi bir cüce'' olan AB'nin aksine Türkiye'nin, yaptığı son hamleleriyle dünya siyasetinde neredeyse tüm AB kadar ağırlık kazanmaya aday göründüğü de ortadadır. Hal böyleyken Gümrük Birliği Anlaşması'nın revizyonu bence Türkiye açısından görece tali bir mesele olacaktır, ki bu da onu AB'nin Türkiye'ye karşı oynadığı kozlardan biri olmaktan çıkaracaktır.
ALİ DEĞİRMECİ - NASIL OLUYOR?