Ulaştırma ve Altyapı Bakanlığı'nın Kanal İstanbul ile ilgili hazırladığı en kapsamlı raporda, tarihi projenin İstanbul ve Türkiye'ye kazandıracağı sosyo-ekonomik tüm kazanımları biraraya getirildi.
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Ulaştırma ve Altyapı Bakanlığı'nın Kanal İstanbul ile ilgili hazırladığı en kapsamlı raporda, tarihi projenin İstanbul ve Türkiye'ye kazandıracağı sosyo-ekonomik tüm kazanımları biraraya getirildi.
Sabah'ın aktardığına göre, Dünyanın 4'te 3'ünün suyla kaplı olması nedeniyle uluslararası ticarette denizlerin büyük önemine vurgu yapılan raporda, ABD'nin 7 filosuyla denizlerde sağladığı hakimiyete de dikkat çekildi.
Kanal İstanbul'un teknik özelliklerinin de detaylıca anlatıldığı raporun önemli bölümleri şu şekilde:
* Dünya ticaretinin yüzde 90'nın deniz yolu ile yapılması devletleri alternatif yolları aramaya teşvik ediyor. Bu alandaki yatımların en büyüğü ise kuşkusuz İpek Yolu projesi. Çin tarafından hayata geçirilecek modern ticaret ağının en önemli noktası ise dünyanın yeni lojistik üssü olacak olan İstanbul.
YILDA ORTALAMA 50 BİN GEMİ GEÇİYOR
* Dünyadaki ekonomik faaliyetlerin her geçen yıl artması, İstanbul Boğazı'ndan geçen gemi sayısının da buna paralel olarak artmasına neden oldu. Yılda ortalama 50 bin geminin geçtiği İstanbul Boğazı, en dar yeri 698 metre olan doğal bir suyolu olup, uğraksız geçen ticari gemiler Montrö Boğazlar Sözleşmesi kapsamında boğazdan geçiş yapıyor. Ancak, Montrö Sözleşmesinin imzalandığı 1930'lu yıllarda Türk Boğazlarından yılda geçen gemi sayısı 3 bin civarında iken, günümüzde gemi trafiğindeki artış, teknolojik gelişmeler sonucu gemi boyutlarının büyümesi ve özellikle, akaryakıt ve benzeri diğer tehlikeli/zehirli maddeleri taşıyan gemi (tanker) geçişlerinin artması, dünya mirası İstanbul üzerinde büyük baskı ve tehdit oluşturmaya başladı. Bu nedenle İstanbul Boğazı'na alternatif bir geçiş güzergahının planlanmasına zorunlu hale geldi.
ASRIN PROJESİNİN YAPILMA AMACI
Kanal İstanbul Projesi'nin amacı:
*İstanbul Boğazı ve çevresindeki insanların can ve mal güvenliğinin sağlanması
*Boğazın tarihsel ve kültürel dokusunun güvenliğinin sağlanması
*İstanbul Boğazı'nın trafik yükünün hafifletilmesi
*Boğaz giriş ve çıkışlarındaki beklemelerin azaltılması
*İstanbul Boğazı'ndaki seyir zorluğu (keskin dönüşler, sert akıntılar, şehir içi deniz trafiği, vb.)
*Türkiye'nin küresel ticarette daha etkin rol oynaması
*Uluslararası ulaştırma ve lojistik koridorlarından daha fazla pay alınması
*Türkiye'nin denizyolu taşımacılığındaki rolünün güçlendirilmesi.
YAPILACAK KÖPRÜNÜN TEKNİK BİLGİLERİ
Köprü, Kuzey Marmara Otoyolu (3. Boğaz Köprüsü dahil) Projesi Başakşehir-Bahçeşehir-Nakkaş Kesim-08 (bağlantı yolları dahil) işi kapsamında, Sazlıdere geçişini sağlayacak şekilde inşa edilecek. Ana açıklığı 440 metre uzunluğundaki köprünün, sağ ve solda yer alan 210 metrelik yan açıklıklarıyla uzunluğu 860 metreye ulaşırken, yaklaşım viyadükleriyle toplam uzunluğu 1618 metre olacak. Eğik askı halat miktarı 136 ve ankraj miktarı 272 olarak hesaplanan köprü, trafiğe 2x4 şeritli hizmet edecek. Köprünün platform genişliği ise 46 metre olacak. Gergin eğik askılı köprünün kuleleri, 196 metre yüksekliğe çıkacak. Kuzey Marmara Otoyolu Kesim-8 kapsamında kanalla kesişen gergin eğik askılı köprünün kulelerinin, daimond şeklindeki tasarlanması sayesinde kule temelleri bir noktada toplanarak kanalla en az etkileşimi sağlanacak. Kuleler, plan boyutları ve cidar kalınlıkları değişken kutu kesitli iki adet betonarme ayakla teşkil edilecek. Bu ayaklar, tabliye seviyesinde ve tepede enine kirişler vasıtasıyla birbirlerine bağlanacak.
6 KÖPRÜ YAPILACAK
Kanal inşaatı öncesi hazırlık çalışmalarının 1,5 yıl, kanal inşaatının 5,5 yıl sürmesi, projenin tamamlanma süresinin 7 yıl olması öngörülüyor. İstanbul'u içinden 2 deniz geçen bir şehre dönüştürecek Kanal İstanbul'un üzerine 6 köprü yapılacak. Kanal İstanbul'un her iki tarafında 250 biner konutluk devasa şehirler kurulması planlanıyor.
4 İLÇENİN SINIRLARI İÇERİSİNDE YER ALACAK
Avrupa Yakası'nda Karadeniz ile Marmara Denizi'nin arasına yapılacak, uzunluğu yaklaşık 45 kilometre olacak Kanal İstanbul, Küçükçekmece, Avcılar, Başakşehir ve Arnavutköy sınırları içerisinde yer alacak. Kanal İstanbul ile "İstanbul Boğazı'nın tarihsel ve kültürel dokusunun korunması ve güvenliğinin artırılması", "deniz trafiğinden kaynaklanan yükün azaltılması", "Boğaz'ın trafik güvenliğinin ve seyir emniyetinin sağlanması", "yeni bir uluslararası deniz trafiğine açık bir su yolunun oluşturulması" ve "olası bir İstanbul depremi dikkate alınarak yatay mimariye dayalı depreme dayanıklı modern bir yerleşim alanı oluşturulması" amaçlanıyor - İnşaat maliyeti 75 milyar lira olarak öngörülen Kanal İstanbul için gerekli olan tesis ve yapılara ek proje bileşeni olarak 1 yat limanı, konteyner limanları, rekreasyon alanı ve lojistik merkezi yapılması planlanıyor.
KANAL İSTANBUL, BOĞAZ'DAKİ RİSKLERİ AZALTACAK
Gemi trafiğinde tonajlardaki artış, gemi boyutlarının büyümesi, akaryakıt ve tehlikeli maddeleri taşıyan gemi geçişlerinin fazlalaşması İstanbul üzerinde baskı oluştururken, İstanbul Boğazı'nda su yolu ulaşımını riske eden keskin dönüşler, kuvvetli akıntılar ve transit gemi trafiğiyle dik kesişen kent içi deniz trafiği, alternatif bir geçiş koridorunun planlanmasını zorunlu hale getirdi. Avrupa Yakası'nda Karadeniz ile Marmara Denizi'nin arasına yapılacak Kanal İstanbul'un uzunluğu yaklaşık 45 kilometre, taban genişliği minimum 275 metre ve derinliği 20,75 metre olacak.
KAMU-ÖZEL İŞ BİRLİĞİ KAPSAMINDA YAPILMASI PLANLANIYOR
Kanal İstanbul için gerekli tesis ve yapılara ek proje bileşeni olarak 1 yat limanı, konteyner limanları, rekreasyon alanı ve lojistik merkezi yapılması planlanıyor. Kanal İstanbul'un işletme aşamasında fonksiyonlarını sağlıklı olarak yerine getirebilmesi için de Karadeniz ve Marmara Denizi giriş bölgesinde dalgakıranlar, acil bağlama alanları ve demirleme alanları, römorkör bağlanma alanları, deniz fenerleri, bakım istasyonları ve işletme binaları, gemi trafik sistemi ve seyir yardımcıları oluşturulması hedefleniyor. İnşaat maliyeti 75 milyar lira olarak öngörülen Kanal İstanbul'un, kamu-özel iş birliği kapsamında yapılması planlanıyor. Başkan Erdoğan projeyi açıkladığı toplantıda, projenin tamamıyla milli kaynaklardan karşılanacağını da belirtmişti.
İLK YAPAY KANAL OLMAYACAK
Karadeniz ile Marmara Denizi arasında yapay bir suyolu oluşturacak 'Kanal İstanbul projesi' dünyada bu anlamda ilkler arasında yer almıyor. Süveyş, Panama ve Kiel kanalı dünya ticaretine yıllardır yön vermeye devam ediyor. Kanal İstanbul'u uzunluk, genişlik ve derinlik açısından diğer kanallarla kıyasladığımızda ise şu veriler karşımıza çıkıyor.
*Kanal İstanbul'un uzunluğu yaklaşık 45 kilometre, taban genişliği minimum 275 metre ve derinliği 20,75 metre olacak
*Kiel Kanalı'nın uzunluğu yaklaşık 98 kilometre, taban genişliği minimum 100 metre ve derinliği 11 metre
*Süveyş Kanalı'nın uzunluğu yaklaşık 169 kilometre, taban genişliği minimum 313 metre ve derinliği 20 metre
*Panama Kanalı'nın uzunluğu yaklaşık 86 kilometre, taban genişliği minimum 91-300 metre ve derinliği 12,5-15,2 metre
ÜLKE EKONOMİSİ ŞAHA KALKACAK
Kanal İstanbul ülkemiz için sürekliliği olan bir gelir kapısı olacak. Ülkemizin müreffeh bir geleceğinin olması açısından hayata geçirilecek bu projeyle Gayri Safi Yurt İçi Hasıla'ya (GSYİH) etkisinin 12 milyar dolar olması bekleniyor. Ayrıca 505 bin 892 kişinin istihdam edilmesi ve 28 milyar dolarlık üretimin olması tahmin ediliyor. Bu verilere göre; 3 günlük gemi geçişi ile 30 derslik okul, 1 haftalık gemi geçişi ile 100 yataklı hastane ve 2 aylık gemi geçişi ile 2 kilometre Metro hattı yapılabiliyor.
3 YENİ BARAJ YAPILACAK
Kanal İstanbul güzergahının yüzde 78'i mevcutta var olan su yollarında oluşuyor. Küçükçekmece Gölü, Sazlıdere Barajı ve ikisi arasındaki su kanalı, kuzeye doğru devam eden dere yatakları üzerinde kurgulanacak Kanal İstanbul Projesi; ağırlıklı olarak sulak olan bir güzergâhı genişleterek düzenleyecek yeni bir su yolu oluşturuyor. Ayrıca Ulaştırma ve Altyapı Bakanlığı Sazlıdere Barajı'nın yerine 3 yeni barajın yapılacağını bildirdi. Elde edilen bilgilere göre, kanalın Batı tarafına Karamandere Barajı ve Hamzalı Barajı; Doğu tarafına ise Pirinççi Barajı yapılacağı öğrenildi.